《Ukubaluleka Kokwethenjelwa Kokuphathwa Kwezikhungo Zomshini Eziqondile》
Emkhiqizweni wesimanje, izikhungo zokukhiqiza eziqondile, njengemishini yokukhiqiza ebalulekile, zinokwethenjelwa okubalulekile. Umsebenzi onokwethenjelwa wezikhungo zemishini eziqondile uhlanganisa izici ezimbili eziyinhloko: ubuchwepheshe bobunjiniyela obunokwethenjelwa kanye nokuphathwa kokwethembeka. Ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kuthatha isikhundla esiphambili nesiwumgogodla kuyo yonke imisebenzi yokwethembeka.
I. Amaleveli amakhulu namancane okuphathwa kokwethembeka kwezikhungo zokumaka eziqondile
(1) Ukuphathwa kwamakhro
Ukuphathwa okubanzi kokuthembeka kwezikhungo zokumaka eziqondile kubhekise ekuphathweni komsebenzi onokwethenjelwa yiminyango efanelekile yokuphatha yezwe, izifundazwe namadolobha. Lokhu kubandakanya ukwenza izinqubomgomo, izimiso, nemithetho nemithethonqubo ukuze kuhlinzekwe izinkambiso nemihlahlandlela yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni. Ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo kusiza ukucacisa isiqondiso nokugxila komsebenzi onokwethenjelwa futhi kukhuthaze yonke imboni ukuthi iqhubekele phambili emgomweni wokwethembeka okuphezulu. Ukuthembeka nesitifiketi sekhwalithi ukuqashelwa okugunyaziwe kwekhwalithi nokuthembeka komkhiqizo, okunikeza isisekelo sokuthi abathengi bakhethe. Ukuhlola nokugada kuqinisekisa ukuthi amabhizinisi athobela imithetho efanele futhi aqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ukusungula uhlelo lokuphatha kungahlanganisa izinsiza ezivela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokuphatha. Ukusungulwa kwenethiwekhi kazwelonke nethembekile yokushintshisana ngedatha yemboni kukhuthaza ukwabelana nokushintshisana ngolwazi futhi kunikeza idatha eyizethenjwa ebalulekile yamabhizinisi. Ukuhwebelana kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nemfundo nokuqeqeshwa kuthuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo izinga lochwepheshe labasebenzi basembonini futhi kubeka isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa okuzinzile komsebenzi onokwethenjelwa.
(2) Ukuphathwa okuncane
Ukuphathwa okuncane kokuthembeka kwezikhungo zomshini ezime mpo wukuphathwa okuqondile komsebenzi onokwethenjelwa ngamabhizinisi. Amabhizinisi adinga ukwenza izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka, acacise imigomo nezinkomba, futhi aqinisekise ukuthi umsebenzi wokwethembeka uhambisana nesu lonke lokuthuthukisa lebhizinisi. Ukunqunywa kwemihlahlandlela nezinjongo kunikeza isiqondiso esithile semisebenzi eyahlukene. Ukusungulwa kwemithetho nemithethonqubo kanye namazinga ebhizinisi kulinganisa izinqubo zokukhiqiza kanye nemininingwane yokusebenza futhi kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ukusungulwa kwezinhlaka zenhlangano kuqinisekisa ukuthi kuneminyango eyisipesheli kanye nabasebenzi abanomthwalo wemfanelo wokwethembeka emsebenzini futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi. Idizayini enokwethenjelwa nokubuyekezwa kucabangela ngokugcwele izici zokwethembeka esigabeni sokuklama umkhiqizo futhi kwakha isisekelo sokuthembeka okuphezulu kwemikhiqizo. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yenqubo kulawula ngokuqinile zonke izixhumanisi zenqubo yokukhiqiza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ihlangabezana namazinga. Uhlelo lokuhlola ukwethembeka luhlola futhi luqinisekise ukwethembeka kwemikhiqizo ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola zesayensi. Isevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa iphendula ezidingweni zekhasimende ngesikhathi, ixazulula izinkinga ezenzeka phakathi nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo, futhi ithuthukisa ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende. Ukuqoqwa, ukuhlaziya, nokuphathwa kwedatha yokwethembeka kunikeza isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo nokwenza kahle. Ukuhwebelana kobuhlakani nobuchwepheshe kwenza amabhizinisi aqonde amathrendi akamuva embonini kanye nezitayela zokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe ngesikhathi futhi athuthukise ukuncintisana kwawo ngokuqhubekayo. Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kuthuthukisa izimfanelo zochwepheshe zabasebenzi kanye nokuqwashisa ngokwethembeka futhi kunikeza ukwesekwa kwamakhono ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kwamabhizinisi.
(1) Ukuphathwa kwamakhro
Ukuphathwa okubanzi kokuthembeka kwezikhungo zokumaka eziqondile kubhekise ekuphathweni komsebenzi onokwethenjelwa yiminyango efanelekile yokuphatha yezwe, izifundazwe namadolobha. Lokhu kubandakanya ukwenza izinqubomgomo, izimiso, nemithetho nemithethonqubo ukuze kuhlinzekwe izinkambiso nemihlahlandlela yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni. Ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo kusiza ukucacisa isiqondiso nokugxila komsebenzi onokwethenjelwa futhi kukhuthaze yonke imboni ukuthi iqhubekele phambili emgomweni wokwethembeka okuphezulu. Ukuthembeka nesitifiketi sekhwalithi ukuqashelwa okugunyaziwe kwekhwalithi nokuthembeka komkhiqizo, okunikeza isisekelo sokuthi abathengi bakhethe. Ukuhlola nokugada kuqinisekisa ukuthi amabhizinisi athobela imithetho efanele futhi aqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ukusungula uhlelo lokuphatha kungahlanganisa izinsiza ezivela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokuphatha. Ukusungulwa kwenethiwekhi kazwelonke nethembekile yokushintshisana ngedatha yemboni kukhuthaza ukwabelana nokushintshisana ngolwazi futhi kunikeza idatha eyizethenjwa ebalulekile yamabhizinisi. Ukuhwebelana kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nemfundo nokuqeqeshwa kuthuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo izinga lochwepheshe labasebenzi basembonini futhi kubeka isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa okuzinzile komsebenzi onokwethenjelwa.
(2) Ukuphathwa okuncane
Ukuphathwa okuncane kokuthembeka kwezikhungo zomshini ezime mpo wukuphathwa okuqondile komsebenzi onokwethenjelwa ngamabhizinisi. Amabhizinisi adinga ukwenza izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka, acacise imigomo nezinkomba, futhi aqinisekise ukuthi umsebenzi wokwethembeka uhambisana nesu lonke lokuthuthukisa lebhizinisi. Ukunqunywa kwemihlahlandlela nezinjongo kunikeza isiqondiso esithile semisebenzi eyahlukene. Ukusungulwa kwemithetho nemithethonqubo kanye namazinga ebhizinisi kulinganisa izinqubo zokukhiqiza kanye nemininingwane yokusebenza futhi kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ukusungulwa kwezinhlaka zenhlangano kuqinisekisa ukuthi kuneminyango eyisipesheli kanye nabasebenzi abanomthwalo wemfanelo wokwethembeka emsebenzini futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi. Idizayini enokwethenjelwa nokubuyekezwa kucabangela ngokugcwele izici zokwethembeka esigabeni sokuklama umkhiqizo futhi kwakha isisekelo sokuthembeka okuphezulu kwemikhiqizo. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yenqubo kulawula ngokuqinile zonke izixhumanisi zenqubo yokukhiqiza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ihlangabezana namazinga. Uhlelo lokuhlola ukwethembeka luhlola futhi luqinisekise ukwethembeka kwemikhiqizo ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola zesayensi. Isevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa iphendula ezidingweni zekhasimende ngesikhathi, ixazulula izinkinga ezenzeka phakathi nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo, futhi ithuthukisa ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende. Ukuqoqwa, ukuhlaziya, nokuphathwa kwedatha yokwethembeka kunikeza isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo nokwenza kahle. Ukuhwebelana kobuhlakani nobuchwepheshe kwenza amabhizinisi aqonde amathrendi akamuva embonini kanye nezitayela zokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe ngesikhathi futhi athuthukise ukuncintisana kwawo ngokuqhubekayo. Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kuthuthukisa izimfanelo zochwepheshe zabasebenzi kanye nokuqwashisa ngokwethembeka futhi kunikeza ukwesekwa kwamakhono ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kwamabhizinisi.
II. Izinjongo kanye nokubaluleka kokuphathwa kokwethembeka
(1) Ukwandisa izinzuzo zezomnotho
Ukuze kwandiswe indima yabasebenzi, amandla, izinsiza zezezimali, nesikhathi esitshalwe emsebenzini onokwethenjelwa futhi kukhiqize izinzuzo zezomnotho, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kufanele kwenziwe. Ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kungahlela izinsiza ngokunengqondo futhi kugweme ukumoshwa kwezinsiza. Ngezindlela zokuphatha zesayensi, ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi kuyathuthukiswa futhi nezindleko zokukhiqiza ziyancishiswa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imikhiqizo enokwethenjelwa okuphezulu inganciphisa izindleko zokunakekelwa nokushintshwa, ikhulise impilo yesevisi yemikhiqizo, futhi ilethe izinzuzo zezomnotho ezengeziwe emabhizinisini.
(2) Isihluthulelo sokuxazulula imikhiqizo engathembekile
Ukuphatha okungalungile kuyisizathu esibalulekile semikhiqizo engathembeki. Ngokwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa kwezibalo yokwehluleka komkhiqizo othile, cishe u-40% - 60% wokwehluleka kubangwa ukuphatha kabi. Uma ukuphathwa kokwethembeka sekuqinisiwe, ukwethembeka kwemikhiqizo kungathuthukiswa kakhulu. Ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kungaqala kusuka emthonjeni, kumise izixhumanisi ezahlukahlukene njengokuklama, ukukhiqiza, nokukhipha, futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi sonke isixhumanisi sihlangabezana nezidingo zokuthembeka. Ngokuphatha ngempumelelo, izinkinga zingatholakala futhi zixazululwe ngesikhathi ukuze kugwenywe ukwanda kwezinkinga. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kungathuthukisa umuzwa wabasebenzi wokuba nesibopho nomdlandla womsebenzi, kudale isimo esihle sokusebenza, futhi kunikeze isiqinisekiso sokwethembeka kwemikhiqizo.
(3) Ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwemakethe
Ukuthembeka kwemikhiqizo kubandakanya iminyango efana nokuklama, ukukhiqiza, ukukhishwa kwangaphandle, nabasebenzisi, futhi kuhilela imikhakha yezobuchwepheshe eyahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuthembeka kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwemakethe, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kufanele kwenziwe kahle. Emqhudelwaneni wezimakethe oshubile wanamuhla, abathengi banezidingo eziphakeme neziphakeme zekhwalithi nokuthembeka komkhiqizo. Imikhiqizo enokwethenjelwa okuphezulu ingazuza ukwethenjwa nesithunzi sabathengi futhi ikhulise isabelo semakethe. Ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kungahlanganisa izinsiza zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zamabhizinisi, kwakhe amandla ahlangene, futhi ngokuhlanganyela kuthuthukise ukwethembeka kwemikhiqizo. Ngokusebenzisana eduze neminyango efana nokuklama, ukukhiqiza, kanye nokukhishwa kwemisebenzi, qinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ihlangabezana nezidingo zokwethembeka kuzo zonke izixhumanisi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, gcina ukuxhumana okuhle nabasebenzisi, uqonde izidingo zabasebenzisi kanye nempendulo ngesikhathi, uthuthukise imikhiqizo ngokuqhubekayo, futhi uthuthukise ukwaneliseka komsebenzisi.
(4) Ukuqinisekisa ukufezeka kobuchwepheshe obunokwethenjelwa
Ukuphathwa kokwethembeka akukwazi nje ukuqinisekisa ukufezeka kobuchwepheshe obuthembekile kodwa futhi kuyisinqumo esikhulu sezomnotho nezobuchwepheshe emabhizinisini. Kuphela ngokusebenzisa ukuphathwa kokwethembeka ngenkathi kukhuthazwa ubuchwepheshe bokwethembeka kungaqinisekiswa ukwethembeka kwemikhiqizo. Ubuchwepheshe bokwethembeka buyindlela yokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka komkhiqizo, futhi ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kuyisiqinisekiso sokuqaliswa ngempumelelo kobuchwepheshe. Ngezindlela zokuphatha zesayensi, hlela ngokunengqondo inqubekelaphambili yocwaningo lwezobuchwepheshe kanye nentuthuko kanye nokusetshenziswa, futhi uqinisekise imvelo ethuthukisiwe nokuba nokwenzeka kobuchwepheshe. Ngasikhathi sinye, abaphathi bokuthembeka bangaphinda bahlole futhi baphendule ngomthelela wohlelo lokusebenza lobuchwepheshe futhi banikeze isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe.
(1) Ukwandisa izinzuzo zezomnotho
Ukuze kwandiswe indima yabasebenzi, amandla, izinsiza zezezimali, nesikhathi esitshalwe emsebenzini onokwethenjelwa futhi kukhiqize izinzuzo zezomnotho, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kufanele kwenziwe. Ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kungahlela izinsiza ngokunengqondo futhi kugweme ukumoshwa kwezinsiza. Ngezindlela zokuphatha zesayensi, ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi kuyathuthukiswa futhi nezindleko zokukhiqiza ziyancishiswa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imikhiqizo enokwethenjelwa okuphezulu inganciphisa izindleko zokunakekelwa nokushintshwa, ikhulise impilo yesevisi yemikhiqizo, futhi ilethe izinzuzo zezomnotho ezengeziwe emabhizinisini.
(2) Isihluthulelo sokuxazulula imikhiqizo engathembekile
Ukuphatha okungalungile kuyisizathu esibalulekile semikhiqizo engathembeki. Ngokwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa kwezibalo yokwehluleka komkhiqizo othile, cishe u-40% - 60% wokwehluleka kubangwa ukuphatha kabi. Uma ukuphathwa kokwethembeka sekuqinisiwe, ukwethembeka kwemikhiqizo kungathuthukiswa kakhulu. Ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kungaqala kusuka emthonjeni, kumise izixhumanisi ezahlukahlukene njengokuklama, ukukhiqiza, nokukhipha, futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi sonke isixhumanisi sihlangabezana nezidingo zokuthembeka. Ngokuphatha ngempumelelo, izinkinga zingatholakala futhi zixazululwe ngesikhathi ukuze kugwenywe ukwanda kwezinkinga. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kungathuthukisa umuzwa wabasebenzi wokuba nesibopho nomdlandla womsebenzi, kudale isimo esihle sokusebenza, futhi kunikeze isiqinisekiso sokwethembeka kwemikhiqizo.
(3) Ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwemakethe
Ukuthembeka kwemikhiqizo kubandakanya iminyango efana nokuklama, ukukhiqiza, ukukhishwa kwangaphandle, nabasebenzisi, futhi kuhilela imikhakha yezobuchwepheshe eyahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuthembeka kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwemakethe, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kufanele kwenziwe kahle. Emqhudelwaneni wezimakethe oshubile wanamuhla, abathengi banezidingo eziphakeme neziphakeme zekhwalithi nokuthembeka komkhiqizo. Imikhiqizo enokwethenjelwa okuphezulu ingazuza ukwethenjwa nesithunzi sabathengi futhi ikhulise isabelo semakethe. Ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kungahlanganisa izinsiza zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zamabhizinisi, kwakhe amandla ahlangene, futhi ngokuhlanganyela kuthuthukise ukwethembeka kwemikhiqizo. Ngokusebenzisana eduze neminyango efana nokuklama, ukukhiqiza, kanye nokukhishwa kwemisebenzi, qinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ihlangabezana nezidingo zokwethembeka kuzo zonke izixhumanisi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, gcina ukuxhumana okuhle nabasebenzisi, uqonde izidingo zabasebenzisi kanye nempendulo ngesikhathi, uthuthukise imikhiqizo ngokuqhubekayo, futhi uthuthukise ukwaneliseka komsebenzisi.
(4) Ukuqinisekisa ukufezeka kobuchwepheshe obunokwethenjelwa
Ukuphathwa kokwethembeka akukwazi nje ukuqinisekisa ukufezeka kobuchwepheshe obuthembekile kodwa futhi kuyisinqumo esikhulu sezomnotho nezobuchwepheshe emabhizinisini. Kuphela ngokusebenzisa ukuphathwa kokwethembeka ngenkathi kukhuthazwa ubuchwepheshe bokwethembeka kungaqinisekiswa ukwethembeka kwemikhiqizo. Ubuchwepheshe bokwethembeka buyindlela yokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka komkhiqizo, futhi ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kuyisiqinisekiso sokuqaliswa ngempumelelo kobuchwepheshe. Ngezindlela zokuphatha zesayensi, hlela ngokunengqondo inqubekelaphambili yocwaningo lwezobuchwepheshe kanye nentuthuko kanye nokusetshenziswa, futhi uqinisekise imvelo ethuthukisiwe nokuba nokwenzeka kobuchwepheshe. Ngasikhathi sinye, abaphathi bokuthembeka bangaphinda bahlole futhi baphendule ngomthelela wohlelo lokusebenza lobuchwepheshe futhi banikeze isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe.
III. Ukubaluleka kokuphathwa kokwethembeka ngokombono womjikelezo wempilo ogcwele wemikhiqizo
Ngokombono wokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka komkhiqizo, ukuklama kuyisisekelo, ukukhiqiza kuyisiqinisekiso, ukuhlola kuwukuhlola, ukusetshenziswa kuwukubonakaliswa, futhi ukuphatha kuwukhiye. Emjikelezweni wokuphila ogcwele wemikhiqizo, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kusebenza ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Esigabeni sokuklama, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kuqinisekisa ukuthi abaklami bacabangela ngokugcwele izici zokwethembeka futhi basebenzise izindlela zokuklama ezithuthukisiwe nobuchwepheshe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwethembeka kwemvelo kwemikhiqizo. Ngokuklama nokubuyekezwa kokwethembeka, ukuhlolwa okuqinile kuyenziwa esikimini sokuklama ukugwema izinkinga ezingase zithembeke.
Esigabeni sokukhiqiza, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kulawula ngokuqinile ikhwalithi enqubweni yokukhiqiza futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke ingxenye ihlangabezana nezidingo zekhwalithi. Izinyathelo ezinjengokulawulwa kwekhwalithi yenqubo kanye nokuphathwa kokukhishwa kwemisebenzi kuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza yemikhiqizo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuqeqeshwa nokuphatha abasebenzi, amakhono okusebenza ezisebenzi kanye nomuzwa wokuba nesibopho ayathuthukiswa, futhi nomthelela wezinto ezithinta abantu kukhwalithi yomkhiqizo uyancishiswa.
Esigabeni sokuhlola, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kwakha uhlelo lokuhlola lwesayensi ukuze luhlaziye ngokucophelela futhi luqinisekise ukwethembeka kwemikhiqizo. Ngokuhlola, izinkinga ezingaba khona zemikhiqizo zingatholakala ngesikhathi futhi zinikeze isisekelo sokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo kanye nokwenza kahle.
Esigabeni sokusebenzisa, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kuphendula izidingo zekhasimende ngesikhathi ngesevisi yangemva kokuthengisa futhi kuxazulule izinkinga ezenzeka phakathi nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, qoqa ulwazi lwempendulo yomsebenzisi ukuze unikeze ireferensi yokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwemikhiqizo.
Sengiphetha, izikhungo zemishini eziqondile zidinga ukuphathwa okuthembekile ngoba ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kudlala indima ebalulekile kuwo womabili amazinga amakhulu namancane. Akwazi nje ukukhiqiza izinzuzo zezomnotho, ukuxazulula inkinga yemikhiqizo engathembekile, ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwemakethe, kodwa futhi kuqinisekise ukufezeka kobuchwepheshe obunokwethenjelwa. Emjikelezweni wokuphila ogcwele wemikhiqizo, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kuyisici esibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukwethembeka komkhiqizo. Ngokuqinisa ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kuphela lapho imikhiqizo enokwethenjelwa okuphezulu ehlangabezana nezidingo zabasebenzisi ingakhiqizwa futhi ikhuthaze intuthuko esimeme yemboni yokukhiqiza.
Ngokombono wokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka komkhiqizo, ukuklama kuyisisekelo, ukukhiqiza kuyisiqinisekiso, ukuhlola kuwukuhlola, ukusetshenziswa kuwukubonakaliswa, futhi ukuphatha kuwukhiye. Emjikelezweni wokuphila ogcwele wemikhiqizo, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kusebenza ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Esigabeni sokuklama, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kuqinisekisa ukuthi abaklami bacabangela ngokugcwele izici zokwethembeka futhi basebenzise izindlela zokuklama ezithuthukisiwe nobuchwepheshe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwethembeka kwemvelo kwemikhiqizo. Ngokuklama nokubuyekezwa kokwethembeka, ukuhlolwa okuqinile kuyenziwa esikimini sokuklama ukugwema izinkinga ezingase zithembeke.
Esigabeni sokukhiqiza, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kulawula ngokuqinile ikhwalithi enqubweni yokukhiqiza futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke ingxenye ihlangabezana nezidingo zekhwalithi. Izinyathelo ezinjengokulawulwa kwekhwalithi yenqubo kanye nokuphathwa kokukhishwa kwemisebenzi kuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza yemikhiqizo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuqeqeshwa nokuphatha abasebenzi, amakhono okusebenza ezisebenzi kanye nomuzwa wokuba nesibopho ayathuthukiswa, futhi nomthelela wezinto ezithinta abantu kukhwalithi yomkhiqizo uyancishiswa.
Esigabeni sokuhlola, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kwakha uhlelo lokuhlola lwesayensi ukuze luhlaziye ngokucophelela futhi luqinisekise ukwethembeka kwemikhiqizo. Ngokuhlola, izinkinga ezingaba khona zemikhiqizo zingatholakala ngesikhathi futhi zinikeze isisekelo sokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo kanye nokwenza kahle.
Esigabeni sokusebenzisa, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kuphendula izidingo zekhasimende ngesikhathi ngesevisi yangemva kokuthengisa futhi kuxazulule izinkinga ezenzeka phakathi nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, qoqa ulwazi lwempendulo yomsebenzisi ukuze unikeze ireferensi yokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwemikhiqizo.
Sengiphetha, izikhungo zemishini eziqondile zidinga ukuphathwa okuthembekile ngoba ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kudlala indima ebalulekile kuwo womabili amazinga amakhulu namancane. Akwazi nje ukukhiqiza izinzuzo zezomnotho, ukuxazulula inkinga yemikhiqizo engathembekile, ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwemakethe, kodwa futhi kuqinisekise ukufezeka kobuchwepheshe obunokwethenjelwa. Emjikelezweni wokuphila ogcwele wemikhiqizo, ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kuyisici esibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukwethembeka komkhiqizo. Ngokuqinisa ukuphathwa kokwethembeka kuphela lapho imikhiqizo enokwethenjelwa okuphezulu ehlangabezana nezidingo zabasebenzisi ingakhiqizwa futhi ikhuthaze intuthuko esimeme yemboni yokukhiqiza.