Amathuluzi Omshini we-CNC: I-Core Force in Modern Machining
I. Isingeniso
Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza ngomshini namuhla, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC ngokungangabazeki athatha isikhundla esibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuvela kwabo kuyishintshe ngokuphelele indlela yendabuko yokwenza imishini, okuletha ukunemba okuphezulu okungakaze kubonwe, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, nokuguquguquka okuphezulu embonini yokukhiqiza. Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC abelokhu ethuthuka futhi ethuthuka ngokuqhubekayo, aba okokusebenza okubalulekile okubalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni zesimanje, abe nomthelela omkhulu emaphethini okuthuthukiswa kwezimboni eziningi ezifana ne-aerospace, ukukhiqiza izimoto, imboni yokwakha imikhumbi, kanye nokucubungula isikhunta.
Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza ngomshini namuhla, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC ngokungangabazeki athatha isikhundla esibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuvela kwabo kuyishintshe ngokuphelele indlela yendabuko yokwenza imishini, okuletha ukunemba okuphezulu okungakaze kubonwe, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, nokuguquguquka okuphezulu embonini yokukhiqiza. Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC abelokhu ethuthuka futhi ethuthuka ngokuqhubekayo, aba okokusebenza okubalulekile okubalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni zesimanje, abe nomthelela omkhulu emaphethini okuthuthukiswa kwezimboni eziningi ezifana ne-aerospace, ukukhiqiza izimoto, imboni yokwakha imikhumbi, kanye nokucubungula isikhunta.
II. Incazelo kanye Nezingxenye Zamathuluzi Omshini we-CNC
Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angamathuluzi omshini afinyelela ukumishini okuzenzakalelayo ngobuchwepheshe bokulawula kwedijithali. Ikakhulukazi iqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo:
Umzimba Wethuluzi Lomshini: Uhlanganisa izingxenye zemishini ezifana nombhede, ikholomu, ukuphotha, kanye netafula lokusebenza. Yisakhiwo esiyisisekelo sethuluzi lomshini, esihlinzeka ngesiteji esizinzile somshini womshini. Idizayini yesakhiwo nokunemba kokukhiqiza kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kukonke kwethuluzi lomshini. Isibonelo, i-spindle enembayo ephezulu ingaqinisekisa ukuzinza kwethuluzi lokusika ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwesivinini esikhulu, ukunciphisa amaphutha omshini.
Uhlelo lwe-CNC: Lena ingxenye eyinhloko yokulawula yamathuluzi omshini we-CNC, okulingana “nobuchopho” bethuluzi lomshini. Ingathola futhi icubungule imiyalelo yohlelo, ilawule ngokunembile i-trajectory yokunyakaza, isivinini, izinga lokuphakelayo, njll. yethuluzi lomshini. Amasistimu e-CNC athuthukisiwe anamandla okwenza ikhompuyutha anamandla nemisebenzi enothile, njengokulawula okuhlangene kwama-eksisi amaningi, isinxephezelo serediyasi yamathuluzi, nokulawula ukushintsha kwamathuluzi okuzenzakalelayo. Isibonelo, esikhungweni semishini esinama-eksisi amahlanu ngesikhathi esisodwa, isistimu ye-CNC ingalawula ngokunembile ukunyakaza kwama-axis axhumanisa amahlanu ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze kuzuzwe umshini wezindawo ezigobile eziyinkimbinkimbi.
I-Drive System: Ihlanganisa izinjini nabashayeli, abanomthwalo wemfanelo wokuguqula imiyalelo yesistimu ye-CNC ibe ukunyakaza kwangempela kwe-eksisi yokuxhumanisa ngayinye yethuluzi lomshini. Izinjini ezijwayelekile zokushayela zihlanganisa ama-steping motors nama-servo motors. Ama-Servo motors anokunemba okuphezulu kanye nesivinini sokuphendula, akwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomshini wokunemba okuphezulu. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngesivinini esikhulu, ama-servo motors angakwazi ukulungisa ngokushesha nangokunembile indawo nesivinini se-worktable.
Amadivayisi Okubona: Asetshenziselwa ukuthola amapharamitha afana nendawo yokunyakaza nesivinini sethuluzi lomshini, futhi abuyisele imiphumela yokutholwa kusistimu ye-CNC ukuze kuzuzwe ukulawula kweluphu evaliwe nokuthuthukisa ukunemba komshini. Isibonelo, isikali sokulinganisa singakala ngokunembile ukugudluka kwethebula lokusebenza, futhi isifaki khodi singathola isivinini sokujikeleza nendawo yokuphotha.
Amadivayisi Asizayo: Njengezinhlelo zokupholisa, amasistimu okugcoba, amasistimu okukhipha ama-chip, amadivaysi okushintsha amathuluzi azenzakalelayo, njll. uhlelo lokugcoba luqinisekisa ukugcoba okuhle kwengxenye ngayinye ehambayo yethuluzi lomshini, ukunciphisa ukuguga; uhlelo lokukhipha ama-chip luhlanza ngokushesha ama-chips akhiqizwa ngesikhathi somshini, ukuqinisekisa indawo ehlanzekile yomshini kanye nokusebenza okuvamile kwethuluzi lomshini; ithuluzi lokushintsha ithuluzi elizenzakalelayo lithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemishini, lihlangabezana nezidingo zokwenziwa kwezinqubo eziningi zezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angamathuluzi omshini afinyelela ukumishini okuzenzakalelayo ngobuchwepheshe bokulawula kwedijithali. Ikakhulukazi iqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo:
Umzimba Wethuluzi Lomshini: Uhlanganisa izingxenye zemishini ezifana nombhede, ikholomu, ukuphotha, kanye netafula lokusebenza. Yisakhiwo esiyisisekelo sethuluzi lomshini, esihlinzeka ngesiteji esizinzile somshini womshini. Idizayini yesakhiwo nokunemba kokukhiqiza kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kukonke kwethuluzi lomshini. Isibonelo, i-spindle enembayo ephezulu ingaqinisekisa ukuzinza kwethuluzi lokusika ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwesivinini esikhulu, ukunciphisa amaphutha omshini.
Uhlelo lwe-CNC: Lena ingxenye eyinhloko yokulawula yamathuluzi omshini we-CNC, okulingana “nobuchopho” bethuluzi lomshini. Ingathola futhi icubungule imiyalelo yohlelo, ilawule ngokunembile i-trajectory yokunyakaza, isivinini, izinga lokuphakelayo, njll. yethuluzi lomshini. Amasistimu e-CNC athuthukisiwe anamandla okwenza ikhompuyutha anamandla nemisebenzi enothile, njengokulawula okuhlangene kwama-eksisi amaningi, isinxephezelo serediyasi yamathuluzi, nokulawula ukushintsha kwamathuluzi okuzenzakalelayo. Isibonelo, esikhungweni semishini esinama-eksisi amahlanu ngesikhathi esisodwa, isistimu ye-CNC ingalawula ngokunembile ukunyakaza kwama-axis axhumanisa amahlanu ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze kuzuzwe umshini wezindawo ezigobile eziyinkimbinkimbi.
I-Drive System: Ihlanganisa izinjini nabashayeli, abanomthwalo wemfanelo wokuguqula imiyalelo yesistimu ye-CNC ibe ukunyakaza kwangempela kwe-eksisi yokuxhumanisa ngayinye yethuluzi lomshini. Izinjini ezijwayelekile zokushayela zihlanganisa ama-steping motors nama-servo motors. Ama-Servo motors anokunemba okuphezulu kanye nesivinini sokuphendula, akwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomshini wokunemba okuphezulu. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngesivinini esikhulu, ama-servo motors angakwazi ukulungisa ngokushesha nangokunembile indawo nesivinini se-worktable.
Amadivayisi Okubona: Asetshenziselwa ukuthola amapharamitha afana nendawo yokunyakaza nesivinini sethuluzi lomshini, futhi abuyisele imiphumela yokutholwa kusistimu ye-CNC ukuze kuzuzwe ukulawula kweluphu evaliwe nokuthuthukisa ukunemba komshini. Isibonelo, isikali sokulinganisa singakala ngokunembile ukugudluka kwethebula lokusebenza, futhi isifaki khodi singathola isivinini sokujikeleza nendawo yokuphotha.
Amadivayisi Asizayo: Njengezinhlelo zokupholisa, amasistimu okugcoba, amasistimu okukhipha ama-chip, amadivaysi okushintsha amathuluzi azenzakalelayo, njll. uhlelo lokugcoba luqinisekisa ukugcoba okuhle kwengxenye ngayinye ehambayo yethuluzi lomshini, ukunciphisa ukuguga; uhlelo lokukhipha ama-chip luhlanza ngokushesha ama-chips akhiqizwa ngesikhathi somshini, ukuqinisekisa indawo ehlanzekile yomshini kanye nokusebenza okuvamile kwethuluzi lomshini; ithuluzi lokushintsha ithuluzi elizenzakalelayo lithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemishini, lihlangabezana nezidingo zokwenziwa kwezinqubo eziningi zezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi.
III. Umgomo Wokusebenza Wamathuluzi Omshini we-CNC
Isimiso sokusebenza samathuluzi omshini we-CNC sisekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokulawula idijithali. Okokuqala, ngokwezidingo zemishini zengxenye, sebenzisa isoftware yokuhlela echwepheshile noma ubhale ngesandla izinhlelo ze-CNC. Uhlelo luqukethe ulwazi olufana nemingcele yezobuchwepheshe, indlela yamathuluzi, kanye neziyalezo ezinyakazayo zengxenye yomshini, emelelwe ngendlela yamakhodi. Bese, faka uhlelo olubhaliwe lwe-CNC kudivayisi ye-CNC ngesithwali solwazi (njengediski ye-USB, uxhumano lwenethiwekhi, njll.). Idivayisi ye-CNC inquma futhi yenze ukucubungula izibalo kuhlelo, iguqule imiyalelo yekhodi ohlelweni ibe amasiginali okulawula ukunyakaza ku-eksisi ngayinye yokuxhumanisa yethuluzi lomshini namanye amasiginali ayisilekeleli. Isistimu yokushayela ishayela izinjini ukuthi zisebenze ngokwalezi zimpawu zokulawula, ishayela izimbazo zokuxhumanisa zethuluzi lomshini ukuze zihambe endleleni enqunywe kusengaphambili nesivinini, kuyilapho ilawula isivinini sokujikeleza kwe-spindle, okuphakelayo kwethuluzi lokusika, nezinye izenzo. Phakathi nenqubo yokwenza imishini, amadivaysi okubona aqapha isimo sokunyakaza namapharamitha womshini wethuluzi lomshini ngesikhathi sangempela futhi adlulisele ulwazi lwempendulo kudivayisi ye-CNC. Idivayisi ye-CNC yenza ukulungisa nokulungiswa kwesikhathi sangempela ngokuya ngolwazi lwempendulo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwemishini kanye nekhwalithi. Ekugcineni, ithuluzi lomshini liqedela ngokuzenzakalelayo ukwenziwa kwengxenye ngokwezidingo zohlelo, ukuthola ingxenye eqediwe ehlangabezana nezidingo zomdwebo wokuklama.
Isimiso sokusebenza samathuluzi omshini we-CNC sisekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokulawula idijithali. Okokuqala, ngokwezidingo zemishini zengxenye, sebenzisa isoftware yokuhlela echwepheshile noma ubhale ngesandla izinhlelo ze-CNC. Uhlelo luqukethe ulwazi olufana nemingcele yezobuchwepheshe, indlela yamathuluzi, kanye neziyalezo ezinyakazayo zengxenye yomshini, emelelwe ngendlela yamakhodi. Bese, faka uhlelo olubhaliwe lwe-CNC kudivayisi ye-CNC ngesithwali solwazi (njengediski ye-USB, uxhumano lwenethiwekhi, njll.). Idivayisi ye-CNC inquma futhi yenze ukucubungula izibalo kuhlelo, iguqule imiyalelo yekhodi ohlelweni ibe amasiginali okulawula ukunyakaza ku-eksisi ngayinye yokuxhumanisa yethuluzi lomshini namanye amasiginali ayisilekeleli. Isistimu yokushayela ishayela izinjini ukuthi zisebenze ngokwalezi zimpawu zokulawula, ishayela izimbazo zokuxhumanisa zethuluzi lomshini ukuze zihambe endleleni enqunywe kusengaphambili nesivinini, kuyilapho ilawula isivinini sokujikeleza kwe-spindle, okuphakelayo kwethuluzi lokusika, nezinye izenzo. Phakathi nenqubo yokwenza imishini, amadivaysi okubona aqapha isimo sokunyakaza namapharamitha womshini wethuluzi lomshini ngesikhathi sangempela futhi adlulisele ulwazi lwempendulo kudivayisi ye-CNC. Idivayisi ye-CNC yenza ukulungisa nokulungiswa kwesikhathi sangempela ngokuya ngolwazi lwempendulo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwemishini kanye nekhwalithi. Ekugcineni, ithuluzi lomshini liqedela ngokuzenzakalelayo ukwenziwa kwengxenye ngokwezidingo zohlelo, ukuthola ingxenye eqediwe ehlangabezana nezidingo zomdwebo wokuklama.
IV. Izici kanye nezinzuzo CNC Machine Tools
Ukunemba Okuphezulu: Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angafinyelela ukunemba komshini ezingeni le-micron noma ngisho ne-nanometer ngokulawula okunembile kwesistimu ye-CNC kanye nokutholwa kokunemba okuphezulu kanye namadivayisi empendulo. Isibonelo, ekukhiqizeni izindwani ze-aero-injini, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angakwazi umshini ngokunembile izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi zama-blades, aqinisekise ukunemba komumo kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yama-blades, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukusebenza nokuthembeka kwenjini.
Ukusebenza Kahle: Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC anezinga eliphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa lokuzenzakalela kanye namandla okuphendula ngokushesha, avumela imisebenzi efana nokusika ngesivinini esikhulu, okuphakelayo okusheshayo, nokushintsha kwamathuluzi okuzenzakalelayo, okufinyeza kakhulu isikhathi somshini wezingxenye. Uma kuqhathaniswa namathuluzi omshini wendabuko, ukusebenza kahle kwemishini kungandiswa izikhathi ezimbalwa noma izikhathi eziningi. Isibonelo, ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye zezimoto ngobuningi, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angaqeda ngokushesha ukwenziwa kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi, athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza futhi ahlangabezane nezidingo zokukhiqiza okukhulu embonini yezimoto.
Ukuguquguquka Okuphezulu: Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kalula nezidingo zemishini yezingxenye ezahlukene ngokushintsha uhlelo lwe-CNC, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokulungiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi kokulungiswa kwamathuluzi kanye nokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo somshini wethuluzi lomshini. Lokhu kuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi aphendule ngokushesha ezinguqukweni zemakethe futhi abone ukukhiqizwa kwamaqoqo amancane okuhlukahlukene. Isibonelo, emabhizinisini okukhiqiza isikhunta, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angalungisa ngokushesha imingcele yemishini kanye nezindlela zamathuluzi ngokuya ngezidingo zokuklama izibunjwa ezihlukene, ukwenza amajamo nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene bezingxenye zesikhunta.
Ukungaguquguquki Okuhle Kwemishini: Njengoba umshini wamathuluzi omshini we-CNC ngokuya ngohlelo olusethiwe, kanye nemingcele ehlukahlukene enqubweni yokwenza imishini ihlala izinzile, ingaqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yomshini yeqoqo elifanayo lezingxenye iyahambisana kakhulu. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukunemba komhlangano kanye nokusebenza okuphelele komkhiqizo. Isibonelo, ekwenziweni kwezingxenye ezinembayo zemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angaqinisekisa ukuthi ukunemba kwe-dimensional nekhwalithi ephezulu yengxenye ngayinye kuyafana, athuthukisa izinga lokuphasa nokuthembeka komkhiqizo.
Ukuncishiswa Kwamandla Ezabasebenzi: Inqubo yokwenza imishini ezenzakalelayo yamathuluzi omshini we-CNC inciphisa ukungenelela komuntu. Ama-opharetha adinga kuphela ukufaka izinhlelo, ukuqapha, futhi enze imisebenzi elula yokulayisha nokukhipha, okwehlisa kakhulu umfutho wabasebenzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphinde inciphise amaphutha omshini kanye nezinkinga zekhwalithi ezibangelwa izici zomuntu.
Ukunemba Okuphezulu: Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angafinyelela ukunemba komshini ezingeni le-micron noma ngisho ne-nanometer ngokulawula okunembile kwesistimu ye-CNC kanye nokutholwa kokunemba okuphezulu kanye namadivayisi empendulo. Isibonelo, ekukhiqizeni izindwani ze-aero-injini, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angakwazi umshini ngokunembile izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi zama-blades, aqinisekise ukunemba komumo kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yama-blades, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukusebenza nokuthembeka kwenjini.
Ukusebenza Kahle: Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC anezinga eliphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa lokuzenzakalela kanye namandla okuphendula ngokushesha, avumela imisebenzi efana nokusika ngesivinini esikhulu, okuphakelayo okusheshayo, nokushintsha kwamathuluzi okuzenzakalelayo, okufinyeza kakhulu isikhathi somshini wezingxenye. Uma kuqhathaniswa namathuluzi omshini wendabuko, ukusebenza kahle kwemishini kungandiswa izikhathi ezimbalwa noma izikhathi eziningi. Isibonelo, ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye zezimoto ngobuningi, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angaqeda ngokushesha ukwenziwa kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi, athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza futhi ahlangabezane nezidingo zokukhiqiza okukhulu embonini yezimoto.
Ukuguquguquka Okuphezulu: Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kalula nezidingo zemishini yezingxenye ezahlukene ngokushintsha uhlelo lwe-CNC, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokulungiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi kokulungiswa kwamathuluzi kanye nokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo somshini wethuluzi lomshini. Lokhu kuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi aphendule ngokushesha ezinguqukweni zemakethe futhi abone ukukhiqizwa kwamaqoqo amancane okuhlukahlukene. Isibonelo, emabhizinisini okukhiqiza isikhunta, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angalungisa ngokushesha imingcele yemishini kanye nezindlela zamathuluzi ngokuya ngezidingo zokuklama izibunjwa ezihlukene, ukwenza amajamo nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene bezingxenye zesikhunta.
Ukungaguquguquki Okuhle Kwemishini: Njengoba umshini wamathuluzi omshini we-CNC ngokuya ngohlelo olusethiwe, kanye nemingcele ehlukahlukene enqubweni yokwenza imishini ihlala izinzile, ingaqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yomshini yeqoqo elifanayo lezingxenye iyahambisana kakhulu. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukunemba komhlangano kanye nokusebenza okuphelele komkhiqizo. Isibonelo, ekwenziweni kwezingxenye ezinembayo zemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angaqinisekisa ukuthi ukunemba kwe-dimensional nekhwalithi ephezulu yengxenye ngayinye kuyafana, athuthukisa izinga lokuphasa nokuthembeka komkhiqizo.
Ukuncishiswa Kwamandla Ezabasebenzi: Inqubo yokwenza imishini ezenzakalelayo yamathuluzi omshini we-CNC inciphisa ukungenelela komuntu. Ama-opharetha adinga kuphela ukufaka izinhlelo, ukuqapha, futhi enze imisebenzi elula yokulayisha nokukhipha, okwehlisa kakhulu umfutho wabasebenzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphinde inciphise amaphutha omshini kanye nezinkinga zekhwalithi ezibangelwa izici zomuntu.
V. Ukuhlelwa Kwamathuluzi Omshini we-CNC
Ukuhlukaniswa Ngezinqubo Isicelo:
I-Metal Cutting CNC Machine Tools: Njengama-lathes e-CNC, imishini yokugaya i-CNC, imishini yokubhoboza i-CNC, imishini eyisicefe ye-CNC, imishini yokugaya i-CNC, imishini yokugaya igiya ye-CNC, njll. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukusika izingxenye zensimbi ezihlukahlukene futhi ingakwazi umshini izici zomumo ezahlukene njengezindiza, izindawo ezigobile, izintambo, izimbobo. Isibonelo, ama-lathes e-CNC asetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukuguqula izingxenye ze-shaft ne-disc; Imishini yokugaya ye-CNC ilungele ukwenziwa kwezindiza ezimise okuyinkimbinkimbi nendawo egobile.
Amathuluzi Omshini Wensimbi Wokwenza I-CNC: Kuhlanganisa nemishini yokugoba ye-CNC, umshini wokunyathelisa we-CNC, imishini yokugoba ishubhu ye-CNC, njll. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwakhiwa kwamashidi ensimbi namashubhu, njengokugoba, ukunyathela, nokugoba izinqubo. Isibonelo, embonini yokucubungula insimbi yeshidi, umshini wokugoba we-CNC ungagoba ngokunembile amashidi ensimbi ngokuya nge-engeli ebekiwe nosayizi, ukhiqize ubujamo obuhlukahlukene bezingxenye zensimbi.
Amathuluzi Omshini Okhethekile we-CNC Machine Tools: Njengemishini yokukhipha ugesi kagesi ye-CNC, imishini yokusika izintambo ze-CNC, imishini ye-CNC laser machining, njll. Asetshenziselwa umshini ezinye izingxenye ezinezidingo ezikhethekile zezinto ezibonakalayo noma zokuma, ukufeza ukususwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo noma umshini ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezikhethekile zokukhanda ezifana nokukhishwa kukagesi kanye ne-laser beam irradiation. Isibonelo, umshini womshini wokukhipha ugesi we-CNC ungakwazi umshini wokuqina okuphezulu, izingxenye zesikhunta eziqinile, zibe nesicelo esibalulekile ekukhiqizeni isikhunta.
Ezinye Izinhlobo Zamathuluzi Omshini we-CNC: Njengemishini yokulinganisa ye-CNC, imishini yokudweba ye-CNC, njll. Zisetshenziselwa umsebenzi osizayo njengokulinganisa ingxenye, ukutholwa, nokudweba.
Ukuhlukaniswa Ngezinqubo Isicelo:
I-Metal Cutting CNC Machine Tools: Njengama-lathes e-CNC, imishini yokugaya i-CNC, imishini yokubhoboza i-CNC, imishini eyisicefe ye-CNC, imishini yokugaya i-CNC, imishini yokugaya igiya ye-CNC, njll. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukusika izingxenye zensimbi ezihlukahlukene futhi ingakwazi umshini izici zomumo ezahlukene njengezindiza, izindawo ezigobile, izintambo, izimbobo. Isibonelo, ama-lathes e-CNC asetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukuguqula izingxenye ze-shaft ne-disc; Imishini yokugaya ye-CNC ilungele ukwenziwa kwezindiza ezimise okuyinkimbinkimbi nendawo egobile.
Amathuluzi Omshini Wensimbi Wokwenza I-CNC: Kuhlanganisa nemishini yokugoba ye-CNC, umshini wokunyathelisa we-CNC, imishini yokugoba ishubhu ye-CNC, njll. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwakhiwa kwamashidi ensimbi namashubhu, njengokugoba, ukunyathela, nokugoba izinqubo. Isibonelo, embonini yokucubungula insimbi yeshidi, umshini wokugoba we-CNC ungagoba ngokunembile amashidi ensimbi ngokuya nge-engeli ebekiwe nosayizi, ukhiqize ubujamo obuhlukahlukene bezingxenye zensimbi.
Amathuluzi Omshini Okhethekile we-CNC Machine Tools: Njengemishini yokukhipha ugesi kagesi ye-CNC, imishini yokusika izintambo ze-CNC, imishini ye-CNC laser machining, njll. Asetshenziselwa umshini ezinye izingxenye ezinezidingo ezikhethekile zezinto ezibonakalayo noma zokuma, ukufeza ukususwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo noma umshini ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezikhethekile zokukhanda ezifana nokukhishwa kukagesi kanye ne-laser beam irradiation. Isibonelo, umshini womshini wokukhipha ugesi we-CNC ungakwazi umshini wokuqina okuphezulu, izingxenye zesikhunta eziqinile, zibe nesicelo esibalulekile ekukhiqizeni isikhunta.
Ezinye Izinhlobo Zamathuluzi Omshini we-CNC: Njengemishini yokulinganisa ye-CNC, imishini yokudweba ye-CNC, njll. Zisetshenziselwa umsebenzi osizayo njengokulinganisa ingxenye, ukutholwa, nokudweba.
Ukuhlukaniswa nge-Controlled Motion Trajectory:
Amathuluzi Womshini we-CNC Wokulawula Iphuzu kuya Ephuzwini: Alawula kuphela isikhundla esinembile sethuluzi lokusika ukusuka kwelinye iphuzu ukuya kwelinye, ngaphandle kokucabangela umkhondo wethuluzi lokusika ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, njengomshini wokunyathelisa we-CNC, imishini yokubhoboza ye-CNC, imishini yokubhoboza ye-CNC, njll. umsebenzi wokumba, ngaphandle kwezidingo eziqinile ekubunjweni kwendlela ehambayo.
Amathuluzi Omshini We-CNC Wokulawula Umugqa: Awakwazi kuphela ukulawula izindawo zokuqala nesiphetho zethuluzi lokusika noma i-worktable kodwa futhi alawule isivinini kanye ne-trajectory yokunyakaza kwawo komugqa, akwazi ukwenza ama-shafts stepped, contours yendiza, njll. umzila.
Amathuluzi Omshini We-Contour CNC: Angakwazi ukulawula ngesikhathi esisodwa izimbazo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zokuxhumanisa ngokuqhubekayo, okwenza ukunyakaza okuhlobene phakathi kwethuluzi lokusika kanye nendawo yokusebenza kuhlangabezane nezidingo zejika le-contour yengxenye, ekwazi ukwenza amajika ahlukahlukene ayinkimbinkimbi nezindawo ezigobile. Isibonelo, imishini yokugaya ye-CNC, izikhungo zokwenza imishini, namanye amathuluzi omshini we-CNC ane-axis amaningi ngasikhathi sinye angakwazi umshini indawo eyinkimbinkimbi yefomu lamahhala ezingxenyeni ze-aerospace, imigodi yesikhunta sezimoto, njll.
Amathuluzi Womshini we-CNC Wokulawula Iphuzu kuya Ephuzwini: Alawula kuphela isikhundla esinembile sethuluzi lokusika ukusuka kwelinye iphuzu ukuya kwelinye, ngaphandle kokucabangela umkhondo wethuluzi lokusika ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, njengomshini wokunyathelisa we-CNC, imishini yokubhoboza ye-CNC, imishini yokubhoboza ye-CNC, njll. umsebenzi wokumba, ngaphandle kwezidingo eziqinile ekubunjweni kwendlela ehambayo.
Amathuluzi Omshini We-CNC Wokulawula Umugqa: Awakwazi kuphela ukulawula izindawo zokuqala nesiphetho zethuluzi lokusika noma i-worktable kodwa futhi alawule isivinini kanye ne-trajectory yokunyakaza kwawo komugqa, akwazi ukwenza ama-shafts stepped, contours yendiza, njll. umzila.
Amathuluzi Omshini We-Contour CNC: Angakwazi ukulawula ngesikhathi esisodwa izimbazo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zokuxhumanisa ngokuqhubekayo, okwenza ukunyakaza okuhlobene phakathi kwethuluzi lokusika kanye nendawo yokusebenza kuhlangabezane nezidingo zejika le-contour yengxenye, ekwazi ukwenza amajika ahlukahlukene ayinkimbinkimbi nezindawo ezigobile. Isibonelo, imishini yokugaya ye-CNC, izikhungo zokwenza imishini, namanye amathuluzi omshini we-CNC ane-axis amaningi ngasikhathi sinye angakwazi umshini indawo eyinkimbinkimbi yefomu lamahhala ezingxenyeni ze-aerospace, imigodi yesikhunta sezimoto, njll.
Ukuhlelwa Ngezici Zamadivayisi EDrayivu:
Amathuluzi Omshini we-CNC wokulawula i-Open-Loop: Ayikho idivayisi yempendulo yokuthola indawo. Amasiginali wemiyalo akhishwe uhlelo lwe-CNC adluliselwa ngokungaqondile kudivayisi yokushayela ukulawula ukunyakaza kwethuluzi lomshini. Ukunemba kwayo komshini ikakhulukazi kuncike ekunembeni kwemishini kwethuluzi lomshini ngokwalo kanye nokunemba kwemoto yokushayela. Lolu hlobo lwethuluzi lomshini lunesakhiwo esilula, izindleko eziphansi, kodwa ukunemba okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, ezifanele izikhathi ezinezidingo zokunemba kwemishini ephansi, njengendawo ethile yokuqeqesha elula yokufundisa noma ukukhanda izingxenye ezinezimfuneko zokunemba okuphansi.
Amathuluzi Omshini We-CNC Wokulawula Iluphu Evaliwe: Idivayisi yempendulo yokuthola indawo ifakwe engxenyeni ehambayo yethuluzi lomshini ukuze kutholwe ukuma kwangempela kokunyakaza kwethuluzi lomshini ngesikhathi sangempela futhi ibuyisele imiphumela yokuthola ohlelweni lwe-CNC. Uhlelo lwe-CNC luqhathanisa futhi lubale ulwazi lwempendulo nesiginali yomyalelo, lulungise okukhiphayo kwedivayisi yokushayela, ngaleyo ndlela kuzuzwe ukulawula okunembile kokunyakaza kwethuluzi lomshini. Amathuluzi Womshini We-CNC Wokulawula Okuvaliwe anokunemba okuphezulu komshini, kodwa ukwakheka kwesistimu kuyinkimbinkimbi, izindleko ziphezulu, futhi ukulungisa iphutha nokugcinwa kunzima, kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezenzakalweni zokunemba okuphezulu, njenge-aerospace, ukukhiqizwa kwesikhunta ngokunemba, njll.
Amathuluzi Omshini we-CNC Wokulawula Iluphu Semi-Closed-Loop: Idivayisi yempendulo yokuthola indawo ifakwa ekugcineni kwemoto yokushayela noma ekugcineni kwesikulufu, ithola i-engeli yokuzungezisa noma ukususwa kwenjini noma isikulufu, iqondise ngokungaqondile indawo yengxenye ehambayo yethuluzi lomshini. Ukunemba kwayo kokulawula kuphakathi kwalokho kweluphu evulekile kanye neluphu evaliwe. Lolu hlobo lwethuluzi lomshini lunesakhiwo esilula uma kuqhathaniswa, izindleko ezimaphakathi, kanye nokulungisa iphutha, futhi lisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni imishini.
Amathuluzi Omshini we-CNC wokulawula i-Open-Loop: Ayikho idivayisi yempendulo yokuthola indawo. Amasiginali wemiyalo akhishwe uhlelo lwe-CNC adluliselwa ngokungaqondile kudivayisi yokushayela ukulawula ukunyakaza kwethuluzi lomshini. Ukunemba kwayo komshini ikakhulukazi kuncike ekunembeni kwemishini kwethuluzi lomshini ngokwalo kanye nokunemba kwemoto yokushayela. Lolu hlobo lwethuluzi lomshini lunesakhiwo esilula, izindleko eziphansi, kodwa ukunemba okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, ezifanele izikhathi ezinezidingo zokunemba kwemishini ephansi, njengendawo ethile yokuqeqesha elula yokufundisa noma ukukhanda izingxenye ezinezimfuneko zokunemba okuphansi.
Amathuluzi Omshini We-CNC Wokulawula Iluphu Evaliwe: Idivayisi yempendulo yokuthola indawo ifakwe engxenyeni ehambayo yethuluzi lomshini ukuze kutholwe ukuma kwangempela kokunyakaza kwethuluzi lomshini ngesikhathi sangempela futhi ibuyisele imiphumela yokuthola ohlelweni lwe-CNC. Uhlelo lwe-CNC luqhathanisa futhi lubale ulwazi lwempendulo nesiginali yomyalelo, lulungise okukhiphayo kwedivayisi yokushayela, ngaleyo ndlela kuzuzwe ukulawula okunembile kokunyakaza kwethuluzi lomshini. Amathuluzi Womshini We-CNC Wokulawula Okuvaliwe anokunemba okuphezulu komshini, kodwa ukwakheka kwesistimu kuyinkimbinkimbi, izindleko ziphezulu, futhi ukulungisa iphutha nokugcinwa kunzima, kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezenzakalweni zokunemba okuphezulu, njenge-aerospace, ukukhiqizwa kwesikhunta ngokunemba, njll.
Amathuluzi Omshini we-CNC Wokulawula Iluphu Semi-Closed-Loop: Idivayisi yempendulo yokuthola indawo ifakwa ekugcineni kwemoto yokushayela noma ekugcineni kwesikulufu, ithola i-engeli yokuzungezisa noma ukususwa kwenjini noma isikulufu, iqondise ngokungaqondile indawo yengxenye ehambayo yethuluzi lomshini. Ukunemba kwayo kokulawula kuphakathi kwalokho kweluphu evulekile kanye neluphu evaliwe. Lolu hlobo lwethuluzi lomshini lunesakhiwo esilula uma kuqhathaniswa, izindleko ezimaphakathi, kanye nokulungisa iphutha, futhi lisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni imishini.
VI. Izicelo Zamathuluzi Omshini we-CNC Ekukhiqizeni Kwesimanje
Inkambu ye-Aerospace: Izingxenye ze-Aerospace zinezici ezinjengobumo obuyinkimbinkimbi, izidingo zokunemba okuphezulu, nezinto zomshini onzima. Ukunemba okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, namandla omshini we-multi-axis ngesikhathi esisodwa wamathuluzi omshini we-CNC awenza amathuluzi abalulekile ekukhiqizeni i-aerospace. Isibonelo, izakhi ezinjengama-blade, ama-impeller, nama-casings ezinjini zezindiza zingenziwa ngokunembile ngomshini ngezindawo ezigobile eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezakhiwo zangaphakathi kusetshenziswa isikhungo somshini esinama-axis amahlanu kanyekanye, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza nokuthembeka kwezingxenye; izingxenye ezinkulu zesakhiwo ezifana namaphiko endiza kanye namafreyimu e-fuselage angenziwa ngomshini yimishini yokugaya i-CNC gantry nezinye izinto zokusebenza, ukuhlangabezana nokunemba kwazo okuphezulu kanye nezidingo zamandla aphezulu, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza okuphelele nokuphepha kwendiza.
Inkambu Yokukhiqiza Izimoto: Imboni yezimoto inezinga elikhulu lokukhiqiza kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezingxenye. Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC adlala indima ebalulekile ekwenziweni kwezingxenye zemoto, njengomshini wezingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana namabhulokhi enjini, amakhanda amasilinda, ama-crankshafts, nama-camshaft, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesikhunta somzimba wemoto. Imishini yokugaya ye-CNC, imishini yokugaya ye-CNC, izikhungo zemishini, njll. ingafinyelela ukwenziwa kwemishini ephumelelayo nokunemba okuphezulu, iqinisekise ikhwalithi nokuvumelana kwezingxenye, ithuthukise ukunemba komhlangano nokusebenza kwemoto. Ngasikhathi sinye, amandla okwenza imishini aguquguqukayo amathuluzi omshini we-CNC nawo ahlangabezana nezidingo zamamodeli amaningi, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqoqo amancane embonini yezimoto, okusiza amabhizinisi ezimoto ukuthi aqalise ngokushesha amamodeli amasha futhi athuthukise ukuncintisana kwawo emakethe.
Inkambu Yemboni Yokwakha Umkhumbi: Ukwakhiwa komkhumbi kubandakanya ukwenziwa kwezingxenye ezinkulu zesakhiwo sensimbi, njengezingxenye zemikhumbi yomkhumbi kanye nophephela bemikhumbi. Imishini yokusika ye-CNC (njengabasiki belangabi be-CNC, abasiki be-plasma be-CNC) bangasika ngokunembile amapuleti ensimbi, baqinisekise ikhwalithi kanye nokunemba kobukhulu bemiphetho yokusika; Imishini yokugaya eyisicefe ye-CNC, imishini ye-CNC gantry, njll. isetshenziselwa umshini izingxenye ezifana ne-engine block kanye nohlelo lwe-shaft yezinjini zomkhumbi kanye nezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi zesakhiwo semikhumbi, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemishini kanye nekhwalithi, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi.
Inkambu Yokucubungula Isikhunta: Izibungu ziyimishini yenqubo eyisisekelo ekukhiqizeni izimboni, futhi ukunemba kwazo kanye nekhwalithi kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza komkhiqizo. Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC asetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni isikhunta. Kusukela emishinini enzima ukuya emishinini emihle yokubumba, izinhlobo ezahlukene zamathuluzi omshini we-CNC zingasetshenziswa ukuqedela. Isibonelo, isikhungo somshini we-CNC singenza umshini wezinqubo eziningi ezifana nokugaya, ukubhoboza, nokuthinta imbobo yesikhunta; Imishini yokukhipha ugesi kagesi ye-CNC kanye nemishini yokusika intambo ye-CNC isetshenziselwa umshini ezinye izingxenye zesikhunta ezinomumo okhethekile nezinembe kakhulu, njengemifantu emincane namakhona acijile, akwazi ukukhiqiza isikhunta esinembayo esiphezulu, esiyinkimbinkimbi ukuze sihlangabezane nezidingo ze-electronics, izinto zasendlini, izimoto, njll.
Inkambu Yolwazi Lwe-elekthronikhi: Ekwenziweni kwemikhiqizo yolwazi lwe-elekthronikhi, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC asetshenziselwa umshini izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ezinembayo, njengamagobolondo omakhalekhukhwini, amabhodi omama wekhompiyutha, isikhunta se-chip packaging, njll. Isikhungo somshini we-CNC singazuza ukugaya okunesivinini esikhulu, ukunemba okuphezulu, ukubhola, ukuqopha, njll. imisebenzi yomshini kulezi zingxenye, iqinisekise ukunemba kwekhwalithi nokusebenza kwe-electronic imikhiqizo. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ngokuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi ebheke ekusetshenzisweni okuncane, okungasindi, nokusebenza okuphezulu, ubuchwepheshe be-micro-machining bamathuluzi omshini we-CNC nawo sewasetshenziswa kabanzi, okwazi ukwenza ama-micron-level noma i-nanometer-level yezakhiwo ezincane nezici.
Inkambu ye-Aerospace: Izingxenye ze-Aerospace zinezici ezinjengobumo obuyinkimbinkimbi, izidingo zokunemba okuphezulu, nezinto zomshini onzima. Ukunemba okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, namandla omshini we-multi-axis ngesikhathi esisodwa wamathuluzi omshini we-CNC awenza amathuluzi abalulekile ekukhiqizeni i-aerospace. Isibonelo, izakhi ezinjengama-blade, ama-impeller, nama-casings ezinjini zezindiza zingenziwa ngokunembile ngomshini ngezindawo ezigobile eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezakhiwo zangaphakathi kusetshenziswa isikhungo somshini esinama-axis amahlanu kanyekanye, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza nokuthembeka kwezingxenye; izingxenye ezinkulu zesakhiwo ezifana namaphiko endiza kanye namafreyimu e-fuselage angenziwa ngomshini yimishini yokugaya i-CNC gantry nezinye izinto zokusebenza, ukuhlangabezana nokunemba kwazo okuphezulu kanye nezidingo zamandla aphezulu, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza okuphelele nokuphepha kwendiza.
Inkambu Yokukhiqiza Izimoto: Imboni yezimoto inezinga elikhulu lokukhiqiza kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezingxenye. Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC adlala indima ebalulekile ekwenziweni kwezingxenye zemoto, njengomshini wezingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana namabhulokhi enjini, amakhanda amasilinda, ama-crankshafts, nama-camshaft, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesikhunta somzimba wemoto. Imishini yokugaya ye-CNC, imishini yokugaya ye-CNC, izikhungo zemishini, njll. ingafinyelela ukwenziwa kwemishini ephumelelayo nokunemba okuphezulu, iqinisekise ikhwalithi nokuvumelana kwezingxenye, ithuthukise ukunemba komhlangano nokusebenza kwemoto. Ngasikhathi sinye, amandla okwenza imishini aguquguqukayo amathuluzi omshini we-CNC nawo ahlangabezana nezidingo zamamodeli amaningi, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqoqo amancane embonini yezimoto, okusiza amabhizinisi ezimoto ukuthi aqalise ngokushesha amamodeli amasha futhi athuthukise ukuncintisana kwawo emakethe.
Inkambu Yemboni Yokwakha Umkhumbi: Ukwakhiwa komkhumbi kubandakanya ukwenziwa kwezingxenye ezinkulu zesakhiwo sensimbi, njengezingxenye zemikhumbi yomkhumbi kanye nophephela bemikhumbi. Imishini yokusika ye-CNC (njengabasiki belangabi be-CNC, abasiki be-plasma be-CNC) bangasika ngokunembile amapuleti ensimbi, baqinisekise ikhwalithi kanye nokunemba kobukhulu bemiphetho yokusika; Imishini yokugaya eyisicefe ye-CNC, imishini ye-CNC gantry, njll. isetshenziselwa umshini izingxenye ezifana ne-engine block kanye nohlelo lwe-shaft yezinjini zomkhumbi kanye nezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi zesakhiwo semikhumbi, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemishini kanye nekhwalithi, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi.
Inkambu Yokucubungula Isikhunta: Izibungu ziyimishini yenqubo eyisisekelo ekukhiqizeni izimboni, futhi ukunemba kwazo kanye nekhwalithi kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza komkhiqizo. Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC asetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni isikhunta. Kusukela emishinini enzima ukuya emishinini emihle yokubumba, izinhlobo ezahlukene zamathuluzi omshini we-CNC zingasetshenziswa ukuqedela. Isibonelo, isikhungo somshini we-CNC singenza umshini wezinqubo eziningi ezifana nokugaya, ukubhoboza, nokuthinta imbobo yesikhunta; Imishini yokukhipha ugesi kagesi ye-CNC kanye nemishini yokusika intambo ye-CNC isetshenziselwa umshini ezinye izingxenye zesikhunta ezinomumo okhethekile nezinembe kakhulu, njengemifantu emincane namakhona acijile, akwazi ukukhiqiza isikhunta esinembayo esiphezulu, esiyinkimbinkimbi ukuze sihlangabezane nezidingo ze-electronics, izinto zasendlini, izimoto, njll.
Inkambu Yolwazi Lwe-elekthronikhi: Ekwenziweni kwemikhiqizo yolwazi lwe-elekthronikhi, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC asetshenziselwa umshini izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ezinembayo, njengamagobolondo omakhalekhukhwini, amabhodi omama wekhompiyutha, isikhunta se-chip packaging, njll. Isikhungo somshini we-CNC singazuza ukugaya okunesivinini esikhulu, ukunemba okuphezulu, ukubhola, ukuqopha, njll. imisebenzi yomshini kulezi zingxenye, iqinisekise ukunemba kwekhwalithi nokusebenza kwe-electronic imikhiqizo. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ngokuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi ebheke ekusetshenzisweni okuncane, okungasindi, nokusebenza okuphezulu, ubuchwepheshe be-micro-machining bamathuluzi omshini we-CNC nawo sewasetshenziswa kabanzi, okwazi ukwenza ama-micron-level noma i-nanometer-level yezakhiwo ezincane nezici.
VII. Amathrendi Okuthuthukisa Amathuluzi Omshini we-CNC
Isivinini esikhulu kanye nokunemba okuphezulu: Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi yezinto zokwakha nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC azothuthukela kusivinini sokusika esiphezulu kanye nokunemba komshini. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezintsha zamathuluzi okusika kanye nobuchwepheshe bokumboza, kanye nokwenza kahle kokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sethuluzi lomshini kanye nama-algorithms okulawula okuthuthukile, kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kokusika ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nokunemba kwemishini yamathuluzi omshini we-CNC. Isibonelo, ukuthuthukisa amasistimu wokuphotha anesivinini esiphezulu, imihlahlandlela yomugqa enembe kakhudlwana namapheya ngezikulufu zebhola, nokusebenzisa ukutholwa okunemba okuphezulu namadivayisi empendulo nobuchwepheshe bokulawula okuhlakaniphile ukuze kufezwe ukunemba komshini we-sub-micron noma ngisho neleveli ye-nanometer, ehlangabezana nezimfuneko zezinkambu zokucofa okunembe kakhulu.
Intelligentization: Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC wesikhathi esizayo azoba nemisebenzi ekhaliphile enamandla. Ngokwethula ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, ukufunda ngomshini, ukuhlaziya idatha enkulu, njll. ubuchwepheshe, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angakwazi ukufeza imisebenzi efana nokuhlela okuzenzakalelayo, ukuhlela inqubo ehlakaniphile, ukulawula okuguquguqukayo, ukuhlonza amaphutha nokugcinwa kokubikezela. Isibonelo, ithuluzi lomshini lingakwazi ukukhiqiza ngokuzenzakalelayo uhlelo lwe-CNC olulungiselelwe ngokuya ngemodeli yezingxenye ezintathu zengxenye; ngesikhathi senqubo yomshini, ingakwazi ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo imingcele yokusika ngokusho kwesimo semishini esiqashwe ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga lomshini nokusebenza kahle; ngokuhlaziya idatha esebenzayo yethuluzi lomshini, lingabikezela amaphutha okungenzeka kusenesikhathi futhi lenze ukulungiswa ngesikhathi, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula, ukuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kanye nezinga lokusebenzisa ithuluzi lomshini.
I-Multi-Axis Kanye Kanye Nenhlanganisela: Ubuchwepheshe bomshini besikhathi esisodwa obunama-eksisi amaningi buzoqhubeka buthuthuke, futhi amathuluzi omshini we-CNC amaningi azoba nekhono lokumaka ama-eksisi amahlanu noma ngaphezulu ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zomshini zesikhathi esisodwa zezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokuhlanganisa lethuluzi lomshini lizolokhu likhuphuka, lihlanganise izinqubo eziningi zokuwenza ethuluzini lomshini owodwa, njengenhlanganisela yokugaya, inhlanganisela yokugaya, ukukhiqiza okungeziwe kanye nenhlanganisela yokukhiqiza ekhiphayo, njll. Lokhu kunganciphisa izikhathi zokubopha izingxenye phakathi kwamathuluzi omshini ahlukene, kuthuthukise ukunemba nokusebenza kahle kwemishini, kufinyeze umjikelezo wezindleko zokukhiqiza, futhi kunciphise izindleko zokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, isikhungo somshini we-turning-milling compound singaqedela ukukhanda kwezinqubo eziningi njengokujika, ukugaya, ukubhola, nokuthinta izingxenye ze-shaft ngokucindezela okukodwa, ukuthuthukisa ukunemba komshini kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yengxenye.
Ukutshala: Ngaphansi kwesizinda sezidingo eziqinile zokuvikela imvelo, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC azonaka kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuluhlaza. Ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kanye nokwamukelwa kwezinhlelo zokushayela okonga amandla, izinhlelo zokupholisa kanye nokugcoba, ukwenziwa kahle kwesakhiwo sethuluzi lomshini ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokumosheka kwamandla, ukuthuthukiswa koketshezi lokusika oluvumelana nemvelo kanye nezinqubo zokusika, ukunciphisa umsindo, ukudlidliza, nokukhishwa kwemfucuza ngesikhathi senqubo yokugaya, ukufeza ukuthuthukiswa okusimeme kwamathuluzi omshini we-CNC. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-micro-lubrication noma ubuchwepheshe bokusika okomile ukuze kuncishiswe inani loketshezi lokusika olusetshenzisiwe, ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo; ngokuthuthukisa isistimu yokudlulisela kanye nesistimu yokulawula yethuluzi lomshini, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwethuluzi lomshini.
Inethiwekhi kanye Nokwaziswa: Ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-inthanethi yezimboni kanye nobuchwepheshe be-inthanethi Yezinto, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC azofinyelela ukuxhumana okujulile nenethiwekhi yangaphandle, akhe inethiwekhi yokukhiqiza ehlakaniphile. Ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi, ukuqapha okukude, ukusebenza okukude, ukuxilongwa okukude nokugcinwa kwethuluzi lomshini kungafinyelelwa, kanye nokuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo nesistimu yokuphatha ukukhiqiza yebhizinisi, uhlelo lokuklama umkhiqizo, uhlelo lokuphathwa kwe-supply chain, njll., ukufeza ukukhiqizwa kwedijithali nokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile. Isibonelo, abaphathi bebhizinisi bangakwazi ukuqapha bekude isimo sokusebenza, ukuqhubeka kokukhiqiza, kanye nekhwalithi yomshini wethuluzi lomshini ngokusebenzisa omakhalekhukhwini noma amakhompyutha, futhi balungise uhlelo lokukhiqiza ngesikhathi; abakhiqizi bamathuluzi omshini bangagcina bekude futhi bathuthukise amathuluzi omshini athengisiwe ngenethiwekhi, bathuthukise ikhwalithi yesevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa nokusebenza kahle.
Isivinini esikhulu kanye nokunemba okuphezulu: Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi yezinto zokwakha nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC azothuthukela kusivinini sokusika esiphezulu kanye nokunemba komshini. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezintsha zamathuluzi okusika kanye nobuchwepheshe bokumboza, kanye nokwenza kahle kokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sethuluzi lomshini kanye nama-algorithms okulawula okuthuthukile, kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kokusika ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nokunemba kwemishini yamathuluzi omshini we-CNC. Isibonelo, ukuthuthukisa amasistimu wokuphotha anesivinini esiphezulu, imihlahlandlela yomugqa enembe kakhudlwana namapheya ngezikulufu zebhola, nokusebenzisa ukutholwa okunemba okuphezulu namadivayisi empendulo nobuchwepheshe bokulawula okuhlakaniphile ukuze kufezwe ukunemba komshini we-sub-micron noma ngisho neleveli ye-nanometer, ehlangabezana nezimfuneko zezinkambu zokucofa okunembe kakhulu.
Intelligentization: Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC wesikhathi esizayo azoba nemisebenzi ekhaliphile enamandla. Ngokwethula ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, ukufunda ngomshini, ukuhlaziya idatha enkulu, njll. ubuchwepheshe, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angakwazi ukufeza imisebenzi efana nokuhlela okuzenzakalelayo, ukuhlela inqubo ehlakaniphile, ukulawula okuguquguqukayo, ukuhlonza amaphutha nokugcinwa kokubikezela. Isibonelo, ithuluzi lomshini lingakwazi ukukhiqiza ngokuzenzakalelayo uhlelo lwe-CNC olulungiselelwe ngokuya ngemodeli yezingxenye ezintathu zengxenye; ngesikhathi senqubo yomshini, ingakwazi ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo imingcele yokusika ngokusho kwesimo semishini esiqashwe ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga lomshini nokusebenza kahle; ngokuhlaziya idatha esebenzayo yethuluzi lomshini, lingabikezela amaphutha okungenzeka kusenesikhathi futhi lenze ukulungiswa ngesikhathi, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula, ukuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kanye nezinga lokusebenzisa ithuluzi lomshini.
I-Multi-Axis Kanye Kanye Nenhlanganisela: Ubuchwepheshe bomshini besikhathi esisodwa obunama-eksisi amaningi buzoqhubeka buthuthuke, futhi amathuluzi omshini we-CNC amaningi azoba nekhono lokumaka ama-eksisi amahlanu noma ngaphezulu ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zomshini zesikhathi esisodwa zezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokuhlanganisa lethuluzi lomshini lizolokhu likhuphuka, lihlanganise izinqubo eziningi zokuwenza ethuluzini lomshini owodwa, njengenhlanganisela yokugaya, inhlanganisela yokugaya, ukukhiqiza okungeziwe kanye nenhlanganisela yokukhiqiza ekhiphayo, njll. Lokhu kunganciphisa izikhathi zokubopha izingxenye phakathi kwamathuluzi omshini ahlukene, kuthuthukise ukunemba nokusebenza kahle kwemishini, kufinyeze umjikelezo wezindleko zokukhiqiza, futhi kunciphise izindleko zokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, isikhungo somshini we-turning-milling compound singaqedela ukukhanda kwezinqubo eziningi njengokujika, ukugaya, ukubhola, nokuthinta izingxenye ze-shaft ngokucindezela okukodwa, ukuthuthukisa ukunemba komshini kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yengxenye.
Ukutshala: Ngaphansi kwesizinda sezidingo eziqinile zokuvikela imvelo, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC azonaka kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuluhlaza. Ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kanye nokwamukelwa kwezinhlelo zokushayela okonga amandla, izinhlelo zokupholisa kanye nokugcoba, ukwenziwa kahle kwesakhiwo sethuluzi lomshini ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokumosheka kwamandla, ukuthuthukiswa koketshezi lokusika oluvumelana nemvelo kanye nezinqubo zokusika, ukunciphisa umsindo, ukudlidliza, nokukhishwa kwemfucuza ngesikhathi senqubo yokugaya, ukufeza ukuthuthukiswa okusimeme kwamathuluzi omshini we-CNC. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-micro-lubrication noma ubuchwepheshe bokusika okomile ukuze kuncishiswe inani loketshezi lokusika olusetshenzisiwe, ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo; ngokuthuthukisa isistimu yokudlulisela kanye nesistimu yokulawula yethuluzi lomshini, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwethuluzi lomshini.
Inethiwekhi kanye Nokwaziswa: Ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-inthanethi yezimboni kanye nobuchwepheshe be-inthanethi Yezinto, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC azofinyelela ukuxhumana okujulile nenethiwekhi yangaphandle, akhe inethiwekhi yokukhiqiza ehlakaniphile. Ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi, ukuqapha okukude, ukusebenza okukude, ukuxilongwa okukude nokugcinwa kwethuluzi lomshini kungafinyelelwa, kanye nokuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo nesistimu yokuphatha ukukhiqiza yebhizinisi, uhlelo lokuklama umkhiqizo, uhlelo lokuphathwa kwe-supply chain, njll., ukufeza ukukhiqizwa kwedijithali nokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile. Isibonelo, abaphathi bebhizinisi bangakwazi ukuqapha bekude isimo sokusebenza, ukuqhubeka kokukhiqiza, kanye nekhwalithi yomshini wethuluzi lomshini ngokusebenzisa omakhalekhukhwini noma amakhompyutha, futhi balungise uhlelo lokukhiqiza ngesikhathi; abakhiqizi bamathuluzi omshini bangagcina bekude futhi bathuthukise amathuluzi omshini athengisiwe ngenethiwekhi, bathuthukise ikhwalithi yesevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa nokusebenza kahle.
VIII. Isiphetho
Njengezisetshenziswa eziyinhloko emishini yesimanjemanje, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC, anezici zawo ezimangalisayo njengokunemba okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, nokuguquguquka okuphezulu, asetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi efana ne-aerospace, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto, imboni yokwakha imikhumbi, ukucubungula isikhunta, kanye nolwazi lwe-elekthronikhi. Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC athuthukela kusivinini esikhulu, ukunemba okuphezulu, ubuhlakani, i-multi-eksisi kanyekanye kanye nenhlanganisela, eluhlaza, inethiwekhi kanye nolwazi, njll. Ngokuzayo, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC azoqhubeka nokuhola umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza imishini, edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuthazeni ukuguqulwa nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezwe yezimboni. Amabhizinisi kufanele anake izitayela zokuthuthukiswa kwamathuluzi emishini ye-CNC, akhulise ukushuba kocwaningo lwezobuchwepheshe kanye nentuthuko kanye nokutshalwa kwethalente, asebenzise ngokugcwele izinzuzo zamathuluzi emishini ye-CNC, athuthukise amazinga awo okukhiqiza nawokukhiqiza kanye nekhono lokuqamba izinto ezintsha, futhi ahlale engenakunqotshwa emqhudelwaneni oshubile wemakethe.
Njengezisetshenziswa eziyinhloko emishini yesimanjemanje, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC, anezici zawo ezimangalisayo njengokunemba okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, nokuguquguquka okuphezulu, asetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi efana ne-aerospace, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto, imboni yokwakha imikhumbi, ukucubungula isikhunta, kanye nolwazi lwe-elekthronikhi. Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC athuthukela kusivinini esikhulu, ukunemba okuphezulu, ubuhlakani, i-multi-eksisi kanyekanye kanye nenhlanganisela, eluhlaza, inethiwekhi kanye nolwazi, njll. Ngokuzayo, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC azoqhubeka nokuhola umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza imishini, edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuthazeni ukuguqulwa nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezwe yezimboni. Amabhizinisi kufanele anake izitayela zokuthuthukiswa kwamathuluzi emishini ye-CNC, akhulise ukushuba kocwaningo lwezobuchwepheshe kanye nentuthuko kanye nokutshalwa kwethalente, asebenzise ngokugcwele izinzuzo zamathuluzi emishini ye-CNC, athuthukise amazinga awo okukhiqiza nawokukhiqiza kanye nekhono lokuqamba izinto ezintsha, futhi ahlale engenakunqotshwa emqhudelwaneni oshubile wemakethe.