Ucwaningo Lokuphathwa Kwesondlo kanye Nokugcinwa Kwezikhungo Zomshini ze-CNC
Okufingqiwe: Leli phepha lichaza kabanzi ngokubaluleka kokuphathwa kwesondlo nokugcinwa kwezikhungo zemishini ye-CNC, futhi lihlaziya ngokujulile okuqukethwe okufanayo ekuphathweni kwesondlo phakathi kwezikhungo zemishini ye-CNC namathuluzi omshini ojwayelekile, okuhlanganisa uhlelo lokwabela abasebenzi abathile ukuthi basebenze, bagcine futhi babambe izikhundla ezithile, ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzi, ukuhlola kanye nezinhlelo zokulondoloza, njll ukukhethwa kwezindlela zokunakekela, ukusungulwa kwezinhlangano zokunakekela uchwepheshe kanye namanethiwekhi okubambisana ngokunakekela, kanye nokuphathwa kokuhlola okuphelele. Iphinde inikeze incazelo eningiliziwe yezindawo ezithile zokulungisa nsuku zonke, isigamu sonyaka, ngonyaka nangendlela engavamile, okuhloswe ngayo ukunikeza isiqondiso esibanzi mayelana nokuphathwa kokulungiswa nokugcinwa kokunakekelwa ukuze kusebenze kahle futhi kuzinzile kwezikhungo zemishini ye-CNC.
I. Isingeniso
Njengemishini ebalulekile embonini yesimanje yokukhiqiza, izikhungo zemishini ye-CNC zihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene obufana nemishini, ugesi, ama-hydraulics, nokulawula izinombolo, futhi zinezici eziphawulekayo njengokunemba okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokuzenzekelayo. Asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi efana ne-aerospace, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto, kanye nokucubungula isikhunta, futhi adlala indima enqumayo kwikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Kodwa-ke, izikhungo zemishini ye-CNC zinezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezobuchwepheshe. Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle, ngeke nje kuholele ekumisweni kokukhiqiza futhi kubangele ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho kodwa kungase kuthinte ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nesithunzi senkampani. Ngakho-ke, ukuphathwa nokugcinwa kokugcinwa kwesayensi nokusebenza ngempumelelo kubaluleke kakhulu ezikhungweni zokwenza imishini ye-CNC.
II. Okuqukethwe Okufanayo Ekuphathweni Kwesondlo phakathi kwezikhungo ze-CNC Machining kanye namathuluzi omshini ajwayelekile
(I) Uhlelo Lokwabela Abasebenzi Abathile Abazosebenza, Bagcine futhi Babambe Izikhundla Ezithize
Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwemishini, uhlelo lokwabela abasebenzi abathile ukuthi basebenze, bagcine futhi babambe izikhundla ezithile kumele kulandelwe ngokuqinile. Lolu hlelo lucacisa opharetha, abasebenzi abalungisa ucezu ngalunye lwemishini kanye nezikhundla zabo zemisebenzi ezihambisanayo kanye nobubanzi bezibopho. Ngokunikeza izibopho zokusetshenziswa nokunakekelwa kwezinto zokusebenza kubantu abathile, ukujwayela kanye nomuzwa wokuzibophezela kwabaqhubi kanye nabasebenzi abalungisa izinto zokusebenza kungathuthukiswa. Ama-opharetha angakwazi ukuqonda kangcono izici zokusebenza nezinguquko ezicashile zesisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwamathuluzi afanayo futhi abone ngokushesha izimo ezingajwayelekile. Abasebenzi bezokunakekela bangase futhi babe nokuqonda okujulile kwesakhiwo nokusebenza kwemishini, baphathe ukunakekela kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga ngokunembe kakhudlwana, ngaleyo ndlela bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa nokuzinza kwemishini kanye nokunciphisa izinkinga ezinjengokungasebenzi kahle kwemishini kanye nokungakhathalelwa ngokwanele okubangelwa ukushintsha kwezisebenzi njalo noma izibopho ezingacacile.
(II) Ukuqeqeshwa Kwemisebenzi kanye Nokwenqatshelwa Kokusebenza Okungagunyaziwe
Ukuqhuba ukuqeqeshwa okugcwele kwemisebenzi kuyisisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwemishini. Abaqhubi nabasebenzi abalungisayo kuzo zombili izikhungo zemishini ye-CNC namathuluzi emishini evamile kudingeka bathole ukuqeqeshwa okuhlelekile, okuhlanganisa imininingwane yokusebenza kwemishini, izinyathelo zokuphepha, ulwazi oluyisisekelo lokulungisa, njll. Ukusebenza okungagunyaziwe kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele. Abasebenzi kuphela abathole ukuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe futhi abaphumelele ukuhlolwa abavunyelwe ukusebenzisa imishini. Abasebenzi abangagunyaziwe, ngenxa yokuntuleka kolwazi namakhono okusebenza kwemishini, kungenzeka kakhulu babangele ukungasebenzi kahle kwemishini noma izingozi zokuphepha ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle phakathi nenqubo yokusebenza. Isibonelo, labo abangajwayelene nemisebenzi yephaneli yokulawula yethuluzi lomshini bangase bamise imingcele yokucubungula ngokungalungile, okuholela ekushayisaneni phakathi kwamathuluzi okusika nezinto zokusebenza, ukulimala kwezingxenye ezibalulekile zemishini, kuthinte ukunemba nempilo yesevisi yemishini, futhi kube yingozi ekuphepheni kwabaqhubi ngokwabo.
(III) Ukuhlolwa Kwezisetshenziswa kanye NeziNhlelo Ezijwayelekile, Zokugcina Amazinga
Ukuqaliswa okuqinile kohlelo lokuhlola okokusebenza kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuthola ngokushesha izinkinga ezingaba khona zemishini. Zombili izikhungo zokwenza imishini ye-CNC namathuluzi omshini ajwayelekile adinga ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezinto zokusebenza ngokuya ngemijikelezo yokuhlola eshiwo kanye nokuqukethwe. Okuqukethwe kokuhlola kuhlanganisa zonke izici zemishini, njengezingxenye zemishini, amasistimu kagesi, namasistimu asebenza ngamanzi, okuhlanganisa ukuhlola isimo sokugcotshwa kwamareyili okuqondisa amathuluzi omshini, ukuqina kokuxhumeka kwezingxenye zokudlulisela, nokuthi ukuxhunywa kwamasekhethi kagesi kuxege, njll. Ngokuhlola okuvamile, izimpawu ezingavamile zingatholwa ngesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba kuthathwe izinyathelo zokugwema ukukhanda nokunwetshwa kwemishini. ukungasebenzi kahle.
Amasistimu okulungisa avamile nasezingeni akhiwe ngokombono wokunakekelwa okuphelele kwezinto zokusebenza. Ngokusekelwe esikhathini sokusetshenziswa nezimo zokusebenza kwesisetshenziswa, amazinga ahlukene wezinhlelo zokulungisa ayathuthukiswa. Ukunakekelwa okuvamile kuhlanganisa umsebenzi onjengokuhlanza, ukugcoba, ukulungisa, nokuqinisa imishini ukuze igcine isimo sayo esihle sokusebenza. Ukugcinwa kwezigaba kunquma amazinga ahlukene ezilinganiso zokunakekela kanye nezidingo ngokuya ngokubaluleka nobunkimbinkimbi bezinto ezisetshenziswayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okokusebenza okubalulekile kuthola ukunakekelwa okucwengisiswe kakhulu nokuphelele. Isibonelo, ngebhokisi lokuphotha lethuluzi elivamile lomshini, ngesikhathi sokulungiswa okuvamile, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ikhwalithi yamafutha kanye nenani lamafutha okugcoba nokuhlanza izihlungi. Ngesikhathi sokulungiswa okulinganiselwe, kungase kudingeke ukuthi kuhlolwe futhi kulungiswe ukulayisha kuqala kwama-spindle bearings ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kokujikeleza nokuzinza kwe-spindle.
(IV) Amarekhodi Okugcina kanye Nokuphathwa Kwezingobo Zomlando
Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwamakhadi okunikezwa komsebenzi kubasebenzi bokunakekela kanye nokurekhoda ngokucophelela ulwazi oluningiliziwe njengezigigaba, izimbangela, nezinqubo zokulondoloza ukungasebenzi kahle kanye nokusungula izinqolobane zokulondoloza umlando eziphelele kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphathweni kwesikhathi eside kwemishini. Amarekhodi okulondoloza anganikeza izinto eziyisethenjwa ezibalulekile zokulungiswa kwemishini elandelayo nokuxazulula izinkinga. Uma ukungasebenzi ngendlela efanayo kwenzeka futhi emishinini, izisebenzi zokunakekela zingaqonda ngokushesha izindlela zokusingatha ukungasebenzi kahle kwangaphambilini kanye nolwazi lwezingxenye ezishintshiwe ngokubhekisela ezinqolobaneni zokunakekela, ngaleyo ndlela bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokulungisa nokunciphisa isikhathi sokunakekela. Ngaleso sikhathi, izingobo zomlando zokulungisa zisiza futhi ekuhlaziyeni amaphethini okungasebenzi kahle nokuthembeka kwezisetshenziswa futhi zinikeze isisekelo sokwenza izinhlelo eziphusile zokuvuselela nokuthuthukisa imishini. Isibonelo, ngokuhlaziywa kwezingobo zomlando zokunakekela zethuluzi lomshini othile, kutholakala ukuthi ingxenye ethile ohlelweni lwawo lukagesi ngokuvamile ingasebenzi kahle ngemva kokusebenza isikhathi esithile. Khona-ke, kungase kucatshangelwe ukufaka esikhundleni sale ngxenye kusengaphambili noma ukuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwesistimu kagesi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwethembeka kwemishini.
(V) Inethiwekhi Yokubambisana Kwezokugcinwa kanye Nohlelo Lokuxilonga Ingcweti
Ukusungula inethiwekhi yokubambisana yokulungisa kanye nokwenza umsebenzi wesistimu yokuxilongwa kochwepheshe kunomthelela omuhle ekuthuthukiseni izinga lokugcinwa kwemishini kanye nokuxazulula ukungasebenzi kahle okuyinkimbinkimbi. Ebhizinisini, abasebenzi abahlukene abanakekelayo banamakhono ahlukene ochwepheshe nolwazi. Ngenethiwekhi yokubambisana yokulungisa, ukuhwebelana kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwabelana ngezinsiza kungenziwa. Lapho behlangabezana nezinkinga ezinzima, bangahlanganisa ukuhlakanipha kwabo futhi bahlole izixazululo ngokuhlanganyela. Uhlelo lokuxilonga lochwepheshe lenza ukuxilonga okuhlakaniphile kokungasebenzi kahle kwemishini ngosizo lobuchwepheshe bekhompyutha kanye nesisekelo solwazi sokuhlangenwe nakho kochwepheshe. Isibonelo, ngokufaka izenzakalo ezivamile zokungasebenzi kahle, izimbangela, kanye nezixazululo zezikhungo zemishini ye-CNC ohlelweni lokuxilonga uchwepheshe, lapho ukungasebenzi kahle kwemishini, uhlelo lunganikeza izimbangela zokungasebenzi kahle okungenzeka kanye neziphakamiso zokulondoloza ngokusho kolwazi lokungasebenzi kahle kokufakwayo, ukuhlinzeka ukwesekwa okunamandla kwezobuchwepheshe kubasebenzi bokulungisa. Ikakhulukazi kwabanye abasebenzi bezokulungisa abanolwazi olunganele, ingabasiza bathole futhi baxazulule ukungasebenzi kahle ngokushesha okukhulu.
III. Okuqukethwe Okuzogcizelelwa Ekuphathweni Kwesondlo Kwezikhungo Zomashini ze-CNC
(I) Ukukhetha Okuphusile Kwezindlela Zokunakekela
Izindlela zokunakekela izikhungo zemishini ye-CNC zihlanganisa ukugcinwa kokulungiswa, ukugcinwa kokuvimbela, ukulungiswa nokugcinwa kokuvimbela, ukunakekelwa okubikezelwa noma okusekelwe esimweni, nokuvimbela ukugcinwa, njll. Ukukhethwa okunengqondo kwezindlela zokulondoloza kudinga ukucabangela izici ezihlukahlukene ngokugcwele. Ukulungisa ukulungisa kusho ukulungisa ngemuva kokungasebenzi kahle kwemishini. Le ndlela isetshenziswa kwezinye izinto ezingabalulekile noma izimo lapho imiphumela yokungasebenzi kahle mincane futhi nezindleko zokunakekela ziphansi. Isibonelo, lapho ezinye izisetshenziswa zokukhanyisa ezisizayo noma abalandeli bokupholisa abangabalulekile besikhungo somshini we-CNC singasebenzi kahle, indlela yokulungisa yokulungisa ingatholwa. Zingashintshwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngemva kokulimala, futhi ngeke zibe nomthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizeni.
Ukunakekela okuvikelayo ukwenza ukunakekelwa kwempahla ngokomjikelezo onqunywe kusengaphambili kanye nokuqukethwe ukuvimbela ukungasebenzi kahle ukuthi kungenzeki. Le ndlela isetshenziswa ezimeni lapho ukungasebenzi kahle kwemishini kunezikhathi ezisobala noma amaphethini okugqoka. Isibonelo, kumabheringi okuphotha esikhungo semishini ye-CNC, angashintshwa noma agcinwe njalo ngokuya nempilo yawo yesevisi kanye nesikhathi sokusebenza, okungavimbela ngempumelelo ukwehla kokunemba kokuphotha kanye nokungasebenzi kahle okubangelwa ukuguga kwempahla.
Ukulungiswa okulungile nokuvimbelayo ukuthuthukisa okokusebenza ngesikhathi senqubo yokulungisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza noma ukwethembeka kwayo. Isibonelo, uma kutholakala ukuthi kunezici ezingenangqondo ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sesikhungo somshini we-CNC, okuholela ekunembeni kokucubungula okungazinzile noma ukungasebenzi kahle okuvamile, isakhiwo singathuthukiswa futhi silungiswe ngesikhathi sokulungiswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza okuphelele kwemishini.
Ukunakekela okuqagelayo noma okusekelwe esimweni ukuqapha isimo sokusebenza kwesisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sangempela ngobuchwepheshe bokuqapha obuthuthukisiwe, ukubikezela ukungasebenzi kahle okungenzeka kwamathuluzi ngokuya ngedatha yokuqapha, kanye nokuphatha ukulungiswa ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukungasebenzi kahle. Le ndlela ibaluleke kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile nezinhlelo zezikhungo zemishini ye-CNC. Isibonelo, ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana nokuhlaziya ukudlidliza, ukuqapha izinga lokushisa, nokuhlaziya uwoyela ukuze kuqashwe isistimu yokuphotha, lapho kutholakala ukuthi inani lokudlidliza likhuphuka ngokungavamile noma izinga lokushisa likawoyela liphezulu kakhulu, i-spindle ingahlolwa futhi igcinwe ngesikhathi ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo omkhulu ku-spindle futhi kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza ngokunemba okuphezulu kwesikhungo sokukhanda. Ukuvimbela ukunakekelwa kucabangela ukugcinwa kwezinto zokusebenza kusukela ezigabeni zokuklama kanye nokukhiqiza ukwenza okokusebenza kube lula ukugcinwa kwinqubo yokusetshenziswa okulandelayo. Lapho ukhetha isikhungo semishini ye-CNC, kufanele kuqashelwe ukwakheka kwaso kokuvimbela ukugcinwa, njengokuklama kwe-modular yezingxenye nezakhiwo okulula ukuzihlakaza nokuzifaka. Lapho kuhlolwa izindlela zokunakekela, ukuhlola okuphelele kudingeka kwenziwe kusukela ezicini ezifana nezindleko zokulungisa, ukulahlekelwa kokumiswa kokukhiqiza, umsebenzi wenhlangano yokulungisa, kanye nemiphumela yokulungisa. Isibonelo, esikhungweni semishini ye-CNC esinenani eliphezulu nomsebenzi wokukhiqiza omatasatasa, nakuba ukutshalwa kwezimali kumishini yokuqapha nobuchwepheshe bokulungiswa okubikezelwayo kuphezulu kakhulu, uma kuqhathaniswa nokulahlekelwa kokumiswa kokukhiqiza kwesikhathi eside okubangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwemishini kungazelelwe, lokhu kutshalwa kwezimali kuyafaneleka. Inganciphisa ngempumelelo isikhathi sokungasebenzi kwemishini, ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, futhi iqinisekise umjikelezo wokulethwa komkhiqizo.
(II) Ukusungulwa Kwezinhlangano Zokulondolozwa Kwezingcweti kanye Nezinethiwekhi Zokubambisana Kokulondolozwa
Ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi nobuchwepheshe obuphambili bezikhungo zemishini ye-CNC, ukusungula izinhlangano zokunakekela kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo okuvamile. Izinhlangano ezilungisa izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu kufanele zibe nabasebenzi abalungisayo abanolwazi lochwepheshe namakhono emikhakheni eminingi efana nemishini, ugesi, nokulawula izinombolo. Laba basebenzi akumele nje bajwayelane nesakhiwo sezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zezikhungo zemishini ye-CNC kodwa futhi kufanele babe yingcweti ekuhleleni, ukulungisa amaphutha, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlola ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinhlelo zabo zokulawula izinombolo. Izinhlangano zokulungisa kwangaphakathi kufanele zibe namathuluzi okulungisa aphelele kanye nezinto zokuhlola, njengamathuluzi okulinganisa anembe kakhulu, amathuluzi okuhlola kagesi, namathuluzi okuxilonga amasistimu okulawula izinombolo, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokunakekela zezinhlobo ezahlukene zokungasebenzi kahle.
Ngaleso sikhathi, ukusungula inethiwekhi yokubambisana yokulungisa kungathuthukisa ikhono lokunakekela kanye nokusebenza kahle kwensiza. Inethiwekhi yokubambisana yokulungisa ingamboza abakhiqizi bemishini, izinkampani zesevisi yokulungisa izinto, kanye neminyango yokulungisa amanye amabhizinisi embonini. Ngokusungula ubudlelwano obuseduze bokubambisana nabakhiqizi bemishini, kungenzeka ukuthola izinto zobuchwepheshe, izincwadi zokunakekela, kanye nolwazi lwakamuva lokuthuthukisa isoftware yamathuluzi ngesikhathi esifanele. Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle okukhulu noma izinkinga ezinzima, isiqondiso esikude noma ukusekelwa kwendawo evela kochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe babakhiqizi kungatholakala. Ngokubambisana nezinkampani zesevisi yezokulungisa, lapho amandla ebhizinisi ekuzilungisa enganele, amandla ochwepheshe angaphandle angabolekwa ukuze kuxazululwe ngokushesha ukungasebenzi kahle kwemishini. Ukubambisana kokulungisa phakathi kwamabhizinisi embonini kungabona ukwabelana ngesipiliyoni sokunakekela kanye nezinsiza. Isibonelo, lapho ibhizinisi liqoqa ulwazi olubalulekile ekulungiseni ukungasebenzi okukhethekile kwemodeli ethile yesikhungo somshini we-CNC, lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kungabiwa namanye amabhizinisi ngenethiwekhi yokubambisana yokulungisa, ukugwema amanye amabhizinisi ukuthi aphinde ahlole lapho ehlangabezana nenkinga efanayo futhi athuthukise izinga lokugcinwa kwayo yonke imboni.
(III) Ukuphathwa Kokuhlola
Ukuphathwa kokuhlolwa kwezikhungo zemishini ye-CNC kuqhuba ukuphathwa okuphelele kwemishini ngokuya ngamaphuzu angaguquki, izikhathi ezimisiwe, izindinganiso ezimisiwe, izinto ezingaguquki, izisebenzi ezingaguquki, izindlela ezingaguquki, ukuhlolwa, ukurekhoda, ukuphatha, nokuhlaziya ngokusho kwemibhalo efanele.
Amaphuzu angaguquki abhekisela ekunqumeni izingxenye zezinto zokusebenza ezidinga ukuhlolwa, njengezinsimbi eziqondisayo, izikulufu zokuhola, ama-spindle, namakhabethe okulawula kagesi ethuluzi lomshini, okuyizingxenye ezibalulekile. Lezi zingxenye zivame ukuba nezinkinga ezifana nokuguga, ukuxega, nokushisa ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemishini. Okungavamile kungatholwa ngesikhathi ngokuhlolwa kwezindawo ezigxilile. Izindinganiso ezigxilile ziwukusetha amanani ajwayelekile ajwayelekile noma ububanzi bephoyinti ngalinye lokuhlola. Isibonelo, ukunemba kokujikeleza kwe-spindle, ukuqondisa kwamareyili aqondisayo, kanye nobubanzi bengcindezi yesistimu ye-hydraulic. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, amanani wangempela alinganisiwe aqhathaniswa namanani ajwayelekile ukuze kwahlulelwe ukuthi okokusebenza kujwayelekile yini. Izikhathi ezimisiwe ziwukucacisa umjikelezo wokuhlolwa wento ngayinye yokuhlola, enqunywa ngokuya ngezici ezifana nesikhathi sokusebenza, ukuqina komsebenzi, namaphethini okugqoka ezingxenye, njengezinto zokuhlola ezinemijikelezo ehlukene njengosuku, isonto ngalinye, kanye nenyanga. Izinto ezingashintshiwe ziwukucacisa okuqukethwe okuthile kokuhlola, njengokuhlola ukuzinza kwesivinini sokujikeleza kwe-spindle, isimo sokuthambisa sesikulufu somthofu, nokwethembeka phansi kwesistimu kagesi. Abasebenzi abangaguquki kufanele banikeze abantu abathile abanomthwalo wemfanelo wento ngayinye yokuhlola ukuze baqinisekise ukuqaliswa komsebenzi wokuhlola. Izindlela ezingaguquki ziwukunquma izindlela zokuhlola, okuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi okubona, amathuluzi, nezinyathelo zokusebenza zokuhlola, njengokusebenzisa i-micrometer ukuze kukale ukuqondisa kwamareyili aqondisayo kanye nokusebenzisa ithemometha ye-infrared ukuze kutholwe izinga lokushisa lokuphotha.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlola, abasebenzi abahlolayo bahlola okokusebenza ngokwezindlela ezishiwo nemijikelezo bese benza amarekhodi anemininingwane. Okuqukethwe kwerekhodi kufaka phakathi ulwazi olufana nesikhathi sokuhlola, izingxenye zokuhlola, amanani alinganiselwe, kanye nokuthi ajwayelekile yini. Isixhumanisi sokuphatha siwukuthatha izinyathelo ezihambisanayo ngesikhathi sezinkinga ezitholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, njengokulungisa, ukuqinisa, ukugcoba, nokufaka izingxenye esikhundleni. Kwezinye izinto ezingavamile, zingasingathwa ngaso leso sikhathi. Ngezinkinga ezingathi sína, ipulani yesondlo idinga ukwenziwa futhi kuhlelwe abasebenzi bezokunakekela abaqeqeshiwe ukuze banakekele. Ukuhlaziya kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphathwa kokuhlola. Ngokuhlaziya amarekhodi okuhlola phakathi nenkathi ethile yesikhathi, isimo sokusebenza namaphethini okungasebenzi kahle kwempahla kuyafingqwa. Isibonelo, uma kutholakala ukuthi imvamisa yezimo ezingavamile engxenyeni ethile yanda kancane kancane, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhlaziywa okujulile kwezizathu. Kungase kube ngenxa yokwenyuka kokuguga kwezingxenye noma izinguquko endaweni yokusebenza yamathuluzi. Khona-ke, izinyathelo zokuvimbela zingathathwa kusenesikhathi, njengokulungisa amapharamitha wemishini, ukuthuthukisa indawo yokusebenza, noma ukulungiselela ukushintsha izingxenye kusenesikhathi.
- Ukuhlola Kwansuku zonke
Ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ngabasebenza ngamathuluzi omshini. Ukuhlolwa kwezingxenye ezijwayelekile zethuluzi lomshini kanye nokuphathwa nokuhlolwa kokungasebenzi kahle okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwethuluzi lomshini. Isibonelo, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole i-gauge yezinga likawoyela kanye nenani likawoyela we-guide rail yokugcoba ithangi lamafutha nsuku zonke ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uwoyela wokugcoba wengezwa ngesikhathi, ukuze iphampu yokugcoba iqale futhi ime njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugcotshwa okuhle kwama-rails okuqondisa futhi kunciphise ukuguga. Khonamanjalo, kuyadingeka ukususa ama-chips kanye nokungcola endaweni yesitimela eqondisayo yezimbazo ze-XYZ, uhlole ukuthi uwoyela wokugcoba wanele yini, futhi uhlole ukuthi kukhona yini imihuzuko noma umonakalo endaweni yesitimela esiqondisayo. Uma kutholakala imihuzuko, izinyathelo zokulungisa kufanele zithathwe kusenesikhathi ukuze kuvinjwe ukuthi zingaqhubeki ziwohloka futhi ziphazamise ukunemba kwethuluzi lomshini. Bheka ukuthi ingcindezi yomthombo womoya ocindezelweyo ingaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile, hlanza isihlungi sokuhlukanisa amanzi esizenzakalelayo kanye nesomisi somoya esizenzakalelayo somthombo womoya, futhi ususe ngokushesha amanzi ahlungwe ngesihlungi sokuhlukanisa amanzi ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwesomiso somoya esizenzakalelayo futhi unikeze umthombo womoya ohlanzekile nowomile wohlelo lwe-pneumatic yethuluzi lomshini ukuvimbela ukungasebenzi kahle kwengxenye ye-pneumatic okubangelwa izinkinga zomoya. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlola amazinga kawoyela we-converter ye-gas-liquid kanye ne-booster. Uma izinga likawoyela linganele, gcwalisa amafutha ngesikhathi. Naka ukuthi inani likawoyela ethangini likawoyela lokuphotha eligcoba izinga lokushisa elingaguquki lanele yini futhi ulungise izinga lokushisa ukuze unikeze ukugcotshwa okuzinzile kanye nezinga lokushisa elifanelekile lokuphotha ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza ngokunemba okuphezulu kwe-spindle. Ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic lwethuluzi lomshini, hlola ukuthi ingabe kukhona imisindo engavamile ethangini likawoyela kanye nepompo ye-hydraulic, ukuthi inkomba yegeji yokucindezela ijwayelekile, ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza emapayipini nasemajoyintini, nokuthi izinga likawoyela osebenzayo lijwayelekile yini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesistimu ye-hydraulic, ngoba isistimu ye-hydraulic idlala indima ebalulekile ekuguquleni ithuluzi njengethuluzi lokushintsha ithuluzi. Hlola ukuthi inkomba yokucindezela kwebhalansi yesistimu yebhalansi ye-hydraulic ijwayelekile futhi uqaphele ukuthi i-valve yebhalansi isebenza ngokujwayelekile lapho ithuluzi lomshini lihamba ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungalingani kwezingxenye ezihambayo zethuluzi lomshini okubangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu yebhalansi, okungase kuthinte ukunemba kokucubungula nokuphepha kwemishini. Kumayunithi okokufaka nokukhiphayo e-CNC, gcina isifundi sezithombe zikagesi sihlanzekile, qinisekisa ukugcotshwa okuhle kwesakhiwo somshini, futhi uqinisekise ukudluliswa kwedatha okuvamile phakathi kwesistimu yokulawula izinombolo kanye nezinto zokusebenza zangaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, hlola ukushabalalisa ukushisa kanye nemishini yokungenisa umoya yamakhabethe kagesi ahlukahlukene ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi abalandeli bokupholisa bekhabethe ngalinye likagesi basebenza ngokujwayelekile nokuthi izikrini zokuhlunga amapayipi omoya azivinjelwanga ukuvimbela ukulimala kwezingxenye zikagesi okubangelwa ukushisa ngokweqile ngaphakathi kwamakhabethe kagesi. Okokugcina, hlola amathuluzi ahlukahlukene okuvikela, njengama-guide okuqondisa kanye nekhava ehlukahlukene yokuvikela yethuluzi lomshini, ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi awakhululekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha kokusebenza kwethuluzi lomshini futhi uvimbele izinto zangaphandle ezifana nama-chips noketshezi olupholisayo ukuthi lungene ngaphakathi kwethuluzi lomshini futhi kulimaze okokusebenza. - Ukuhlola Okugcwele
Ukuhlolwa okugcwele kwenziwa abasebenzi abasebenza ngokugcwele. Igxile kakhulu ekuhloleni okubalulekile ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile kanye nezingxenye ezibalulekile zethuluzi lomshini ngokuya ngomjikelezo kanye nokwenza ukuqapha isimo semishini kanye nokuxilongwa kokungasebenzi kahle. Izisebenzi zokunakekela zesikhathi esigcwele zidinga ukwenza izinhlelo zokuhlola ezinemininingwane futhi zihlole njalo izingxenye ezibalulekile njengezikulufu zebhola ngokuvumelana nezinhlelo. Isibonelo, hlanza igrisi endala yesikulufu sebhola futhi usebenzise amafutha amasha njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ukuze uqinisekise ukunemba kokudlulisela kanye nokushelela kwesikulufu. Ngomjikelezo kawoyela we-hydraulic, hlanza i-valve yokusiza, i-valve yokunciphisa ukucindezela, isihlungi sikawoyela, kanye nephansi lethangi likawoyela njalo ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, bese ubuyisela noma uhlunge uwoyela osebenza ngaphansi komhlaba ukuze uvimbele ukungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu ye-hydraulic ebangelwa ukungcoliswa kukawoyela. Hlola bese ushintsha amabhulashi ekhabhoni emoto ye-DC servo njalo ngonyaka, hlola ingaphezulu le-commutator, khipha i-carbon powder, khipha ama-burrs, buyisela amabhulashi ekhabhoni amafushane kakhulu, futhi uwasebenzise ngemuva kokungena ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile nokusebenza okuhle kokulawula isivinini semoto. Hlanza iphampu ye-hydraulic yokuthambisa kanye nesihlungi sikawoyela, hlanza phansi echibini, bese ushintsha isihlungi sikawoyela ukuze uqinisekise ukuhlanzeka nokunikezwa koketshezi okuvamile kwesistimu yokugcoba. Izisebenzi zokunakekela zesikhathi esigcwele nazo zidinga ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okubona athuthukile kanye nobuchwepheshe ukuze kuqashwe isimo sethuluzi lomshini. Isibonelo, sebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlaziya ukudlidliza ukuze ugade isistimu yokuphotha, uhlaziye i-spectrum yokudlidliza ukuze wahlulele isimo sokusebenza kanye nokungasebenzi kahle okungenzeka kwe-spindle. Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuhlaziya uwoyela ukuthola uwoyela ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic kanye nesistimu yokugcoba nge-spindle, futhi wahlulele isimo sokuguga semishini kanye nezinga lokungcoliswa kukawoyela ngokwezinkomba ezifana nokuqukethwe yizinhlayiya zensimbi kanye nezinguquko ze-viscosity kuwoyela ukuthola izingozi ezingase zibe khona zokungasebenzi kusenesikhathi futhi wenze amasu okulungisa ahambisanayo. Khonamanjalo, yenza amarekhodi okuxilongwa ngokwemiphumela yokuhlolwa nokuqapha, hlaziya ngokujulile imiphumela yesondlo, futhi ubeke phambili iziphakamiso zokuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kokugcinwa kwemishini, njengokwenza kahle umjikelezo wokuhlola, ukuthuthukisa indlela yokugcoba, nokwandisa izinyathelo zokuvikela ukuze uqhubeke uthuthukisa ukwethembeka nokuzinza kwemishini. - Amanye Amaphuzu Okugcina Avamile Nengajwayelekile
Ngokungeziwe ekuhlolweni kwansuku zonke nokugcwele, izikhungo zemishini ye-CNC nazo zinamaphuzu athile okulungisa okwenziwa njalo ngonyaka, ngonyaka,