《Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinto Ezithinta Ukunemba Komshini Kwezikhungo Zomashini》
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, izikhungo zemishini sezithathe isikhundla esibalulekile ekukhiqizeni kwesimanje futhi seziphenduke amandla amakhulu omshini. Imishini eyengeziwe yesikhungo somshini isiphenduke ithuluzi elibalulekile ohlelweni lokukhiqiza, futhi izinzuzo zayo zisobala. Izikhungo zomshini azithintwa ngokweqile yizici zomuntu futhi zingaqinisekisa ukuvumelana kokucubungula, kunciphisa kakhulu amandla okusebenza kwabasebenzi. Futhi ziyithuluzi eliphumelelayo lokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nomshini wezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukunemba kwemishini yezikhungo zomshini sekuyindaba egxile kakhulu ekhathazayo embonini. Okulandelayo, umenzi wesikhungo somshini uzohlaziya ngokujulile izici ezihlukahlukene ezithinta ukunemba komshini futhi enze isifinyezo ukuze wonke umuntu akwazi ukuzigwema ngangokunokwenzeka ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela.
I. Umthelela wokucaciswa kwesikulufu somthofu sesikhungo somshini ekunembeni komshini
Ukunemba kokumisa kwesikhungo somshini kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokunemba komshini we-workpiece. Phakathi kwezici eziningi ezithinta ukunemba kokuma, izinga lokushisa lidlala indima ebalulekile. Emishinini engenawo indawo yokusebenzela yokushisa eqhubekayo, kudingekile kakhulu ukuqhuba umshini ngokungenzi lutho ngaphambi kokucubungula nsuku zonke ukuze izinga lokushisa lomshini lihambisane nokushisa kwangaphandle, okuyilokho esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi "ukufudumala umshini". Ngenqubo yokufudumala, ukuguqulwa kokushisa komshini okubangelwa ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kungancishiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukunemba kokubeka.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlanekezela kokuhlehla kwesikulufu sokuhola kufanele kutholakale njalo. Isikulufu sokuhola singenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zesikhungo sokusebenza ukuze kuzuzwe ukunyakaza okunembile. Ngokukhula kwesikhathi sesevisi nokunyakaza okuvamile, imvume yesikulufu sokuhola ingakhula kancane kancane. Ukuba khona kokucaciswa kwesikulufu somthofu kuzoholela emaphutheni enqubweni yokunyakaza kwesikhungo somshini futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba komshini. Ukunciphisa umthelela wokususwa kwesikulufu somthofu ekunembeni komshini, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingathathwa:
Njalo gcina futhi usevise isikulufu sokuhola, kanye nokungcola okufika ngesikhathi kanye namabala kawoyela kusikulufa somthofu ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile kwesikulufu sokuhola.
Sebenzisa izikulufu zokuhola ezinembayo ukuze uthuthukise ukunemba kokukhiqiza nokunemba kokuhlanganiswa kwezikulufu zokuhola.
Sebenzisa umsebenzi wokunxephezela wesistimu yokulawula izinombolo ukuze unxephezele imvume yesikulufu sokuhola, ngaleyo ndlela uthuthukise ukunemba kokuma kwesikhungo somshini.
Ukunemba kokumisa kwesikhungo somshini kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokunemba komshini we-workpiece. Phakathi kwezici eziningi ezithinta ukunemba kokuma, izinga lokushisa lidlala indima ebalulekile. Emishinini engenawo indawo yokusebenzela yokushisa eqhubekayo, kudingekile kakhulu ukuqhuba umshini ngokungenzi lutho ngaphambi kokucubungula nsuku zonke ukuze izinga lokushisa lomshini lihambisane nokushisa kwangaphandle, okuyilokho esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi "ukufudumala umshini". Ngenqubo yokufudumala, ukuguqulwa kokushisa komshini okubangelwa ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kungancishiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukunemba kokubeka.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlanekezela kokuhlehla kwesikulufu sokuhola kufanele kutholakale njalo. Isikulufu sokuhola singenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zesikhungo sokusebenza ukuze kuzuzwe ukunyakaza okunembile. Ngokukhula kwesikhathi sesevisi nokunyakaza okuvamile, imvume yesikulufu sokuhola ingakhula kancane kancane. Ukuba khona kokucaciswa kwesikulufu somthofu kuzoholela emaphutheni enqubweni yokunyakaza kwesikhungo somshini futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba komshini. Ukunciphisa umthelela wokususwa kwesikulufu somthofu ekunembeni komshini, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingathathwa:
Njalo gcina futhi usevise isikulufu sokuhola, kanye nokungcola okufika ngesikhathi kanye namabala kawoyela kusikulufa somthofu ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile kwesikulufu sokuhola.
Sebenzisa izikulufu zokuhola ezinembayo ukuze uthuthukise ukunemba kokukhiqiza nokunemba kokuhlanganiswa kwezikulufu zokuhola.
Sebenzisa umsebenzi wokunxephezela wesistimu yokulawula izinombolo ukuze unxephezele imvume yesikulufu sokuhola, ngaleyo ndlela uthuthukise ukunemba kokuma kwesikhungo somshini.
II. Umthelela weleveli yethuluzi lomshini ekunembeni komshini
Izinga lethuluzi lomshini liphinde libe yinkomba ebalulekile ethinta ukunemba kwethuluzi lomshini. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesikhungo somshini, uma izinga lethuluzi lomshini lingahlangabezani nezinga elijwayelekile, lizobangela ukuguqulwa kwethuluzi lomshini futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba kwemishini. Ngakho-ke, ithuluzi lomshini kufanele lihlolwe njalo futhi lilungiselwe izinga. Manje amathuluzi amaningi omshini ayasakazwa, futhi ukulungisa izinga nakho kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuvimbela ukuwohloka kwethuluzi lomshini.
Ukuqinisekisa izinga lethuluzi lomshini, lapho ufaka ithuluzi lomshini, imisebenzi kufanele yenziwe ngokuqinile ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokufaka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kokufakwa kwethuluzi lomshini. Ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, imitha yezinga kufanele isetshenziselwe ukuhlola ithuluzi lomshini njalo. Uma ukuchezuka ezingeni lethuluzi lomshini kutholakele, kufanele kulungiswe ngesikhathi. Uma ulungisa izinga lethuluzi lomshini, lingafinyelelwa ngokulungisa ama-anchor bolts phansi kwethuluzi lomshini. Phakathi nenqubo yokulungisa, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zonke izikhombisi-ndlela zethuluzi lomshini zisesimweni sokuqinisekisa ukunemba komshini wesikhungo somshini.
Izinga lethuluzi lomshini liphinde libe yinkomba ebalulekile ethinta ukunemba kwethuluzi lomshini. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesikhungo somshini, uma izinga lethuluzi lomshini lingahlangabezani nezinga elijwayelekile, lizobangela ukuguqulwa kwethuluzi lomshini futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba kwemishini. Ngakho-ke, ithuluzi lomshini kufanele lihlolwe njalo futhi lilungiselwe izinga. Manje amathuluzi amaningi omshini ayasakazwa, futhi ukulungisa izinga nakho kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuvimbela ukuwohloka kwethuluzi lomshini.
Ukuqinisekisa izinga lethuluzi lomshini, lapho ufaka ithuluzi lomshini, imisebenzi kufanele yenziwe ngokuqinile ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokufaka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kokufakwa kwethuluzi lomshini. Ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, imitha yezinga kufanele isetshenziselwe ukuhlola ithuluzi lomshini njalo. Uma ukuchezuka ezingeni lethuluzi lomshini kutholakele, kufanele kulungiswe ngesikhathi. Uma ulungisa izinga lethuluzi lomshini, lingafinyelelwa ngokulungisa ama-anchor bolts phansi kwethuluzi lomshini. Phakathi nenqubo yokulungisa, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zonke izikhombisi-ndlela zethuluzi lomshini zisesimweni sokuqinisekisa ukunemba komshini wesikhungo somshini.
III. Umthelela we-spindle ekunembeni komshini
I-spindle ingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zesikhungo somshini. Imbobo ye-taper ye-spindle ingxenye lapho ithuluzi lifakwe khona. Ukunemba kwe-taper yembobo ye-taper kanye nomphathi wamathuluzi nakho kuyisixhumanisi esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukunemba komshini. Uma ukunemba kwe-taper yembobo ye-spindle taper kanye nesiphathi samathuluzi singekho phezulu, kuzobangela ukuthi ithuluzi linyakaze ngesikhathi senqubo yomshini futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba komshini.
Ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kwe-spindle, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingathathwa:
Khetha ama-spindles wekhwalithi ephezulu nezibambi zamathuluzi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukunemba kwe-taper yembobo ye-spindle taper kanye nesiphathi samathuluzi sihlangabezana nezimfuneko.
Njalo gcina futhi usevise i-spindle, kanye nokungcola okufika ngesikhathi kanye namabala kawoyela ku-spindle ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-spindle.
Lapho ufaka ithuluzi, qiniseka ukuthi ithuluzi lifakwe ngokuqinile ukuze ugweme ukuxegiswa kwethuluzi ngesikhathi senqubo yomshini.
I-spindle ingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zesikhungo somshini. Imbobo ye-taper ye-spindle ingxenye lapho ithuluzi lifakwe khona. Ukunemba kwe-taper yembobo ye-taper kanye nomphathi wamathuluzi nakho kuyisixhumanisi esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukunemba komshini. Uma ukunemba kwe-taper yembobo ye-spindle taper kanye nesiphathi samathuluzi singekho phezulu, kuzobangela ukuthi ithuluzi linyakaze ngesikhathi senqubo yomshini futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba komshini.
Ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kwe-spindle, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingathathwa:
Khetha ama-spindles wekhwalithi ephezulu nezibambi zamathuluzi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukunemba kwe-taper yembobo ye-spindle taper kanye nesiphathi samathuluzi sihlangabezana nezimfuneko.
Njalo gcina futhi usevise i-spindle, kanye nokungcola okufika ngesikhathi kanye namabala kawoyela ku-spindle ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-spindle.
Lapho ufaka ithuluzi, qiniseka ukuthi ithuluzi lifakwe ngokuqinile ukuze ugweme ukuxegiswa kwethuluzi ngesikhathi senqubo yomshini.
IV. Umthelela wamathuluzi ekunembeni komshini
Ikhwalithi yamathuluzi yesikhungo somshini siyisici esibalulekile esithinta ngokuqondile ukunemba komshini. Impilo yesevisi yethuluzi inquma ukunemba kwemishini ngoba njengoba ithuluzi lisetshenziswa, ithuluzi lizoguga kancane kancane. Uma ithuluzi ligqoka ngezinga elithile, lizothinta ukunemba komshini.
Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi nempilo yesevisi yamathuluzi, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingathathwa:
Khetha amathuluzi ekhwalithi ephezulu ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ubulukhuni, amandla, nokungagugi kwamathuluzi kuhlangabezana nezidingo.
Khetha ngokunengqondo amapharamitha wejiyomethri wethuluzi. Ngokuvumelana nempahla ye-workpiece okufanele icutshungulwe futhi icutshungulwe, khetha i-engeli yethuluzi elifanele kanye nokuma konqenqema.
Sebenzisa amathuluzi ngendlela efanele ukuze ugweme ukugcwala nokushayisana kwamathuluzi phakathi nenqubo yokwenza imishini.
Hlola njalo futhi ushintshe amathuluzi. Lapho ithuluzi ligqoka ngezinga elithile, kufanele lishintshwe ngesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba komshini.
Ikhwalithi yamathuluzi yesikhungo somshini siyisici esibalulekile esithinta ngokuqondile ukunemba komshini. Impilo yesevisi yethuluzi inquma ukunemba kwemishini ngoba njengoba ithuluzi lisetshenziswa, ithuluzi lizoguga kancane kancane. Uma ithuluzi ligqoka ngezinga elithile, lizothinta ukunemba komshini.
Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi nempilo yesevisi yamathuluzi, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingathathwa:
Khetha amathuluzi ekhwalithi ephezulu ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ubulukhuni, amandla, nokungagugi kwamathuluzi kuhlangabezana nezidingo.
Khetha ngokunengqondo amapharamitha wejiyomethri wethuluzi. Ngokuvumelana nempahla ye-workpiece okufanele icutshungulwe futhi icutshungulwe, khetha i-engeli yethuluzi elifanele kanye nokuma konqenqema.
Sebenzisa amathuluzi ngendlela efanele ukuze ugweme ukugcwala nokushayisana kwamathuluzi phakathi nenqubo yokwenza imishini.
Hlola njalo futhi ushintshe amathuluzi. Lapho ithuluzi ligqoka ngezinga elithile, kufanele lishintshwe ngesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba komshini.
V. Umthelela wamaphutha okulinganisa kanye nokuma kwesakhiwo ekunembeni komshini
Amaphutha okulinganisa nawokumisa izinto azophinde athinte ukunemba komshini. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemishini, i-workpiece idinga ukulinganiswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kobukhulu bemishini. Uma iphutha lokulinganisa likhulu, lizoholela ekuphambukeni kobukhulu bomshini futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba komshini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunemba kokuma kwe-fixture kuzophinde kuthinte ukunemba komshini we-workpiece. Uma ukunemba kokuma kwe-fixture kungephezulu, kuzobangela ucezu lokusebenza ukuthi lugudluke phakathi nenqubo yokumaka futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba komshini.
Ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wamaphutha okulinganisa kanye nokuma kwesakhiwo ekunembeni komshini, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingathathwa:
Khetha amathuluzi okulinganisa anembe kakhulu ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukunemba kokulinganisa kuhlangabezana nezidingo.
Linganisa amathuluzi okulinganisa njalo ukuze uqinisekise ukunemba kwamathuluzi okulinganisa.
Dizayina izinto ngokunengqondo ukuze uthuthukise ukunemba kokuma kwezakhiwo.
Lapho ufaka izinto, qinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezilungiswayo zifakwe ngokuqinile ukuze ugweme ukuxegiswa kwezinto ngesikhathi sokwenza imishini.
Amaphutha okulinganisa nawokumisa izinto azophinde athinte ukunemba komshini. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemishini, i-workpiece idinga ukulinganiswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kobukhulu bemishini. Uma iphutha lokulinganisa likhulu, lizoholela ekuphambukeni kobukhulu bomshini futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba komshini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunemba kokuma kwe-fixture kuzophinde kuthinte ukunemba komshini we-workpiece. Uma ukunemba kokuma kwe-fixture kungephezulu, kuzobangela ucezu lokusebenza ukuthi lugudluke phakathi nenqubo yokumaka futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba komshini.
Ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wamaphutha okulinganisa kanye nokuma kwesakhiwo ekunembeni komshini, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingathathwa:
Khetha amathuluzi okulinganisa anembe kakhulu ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukunemba kokulinganisa kuhlangabezana nezidingo.
Linganisa amathuluzi okulinganisa njalo ukuze uqinisekise ukunemba kwamathuluzi okulinganisa.
Dizayina izinto ngokunengqondo ukuze uthuthukise ukunemba kokuma kwezakhiwo.
Lapho ufaka izinto, qinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezilungiswayo zifakwe ngokuqinile ukuze ugweme ukuxegiswa kwezinto ngesikhathi sokwenza imishini.
VI. Umthelela wokusika uketshezi ekunembeni komshini
Abasebenzisi abaningi bethuluzi lomshini abanamathiseli ukubaluleka okukhulu ekusikeni uketshezi futhi bacabanga ukuthi inqobo nje uma ithuluzi lingapholiswa. Nokho, indima yokusika uketshezi ingaphezu kwalokho. Ukusika uketshezi kudlala izindima ezibalulekile njengokupholisa, ukugcoba, nokususwa kwe-chip phakathi nenqubo yomshini futhi kunomthelela obalulekile ekunembeni komshini.
Okokuqala, ukusika uketshezi kunganciphisa izinga lokushisa lamathuluzi nezinto zokusebenza, kunciphise ukuguga kwamathuluzi, futhi kuthuthukise ukuphila kwamathuluzi. Ngasikhathi sinye, uketshezi olusikiwe lungaphinde lwehlise i-coefficient yokungqubuzana phakathi nenqubo yokwenza, kunciphise ukulahleka kwamandla ngesikhathi senqubo yokwenza, futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwemishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uketshezi lokusika lungaphinda lukhiphe ama-chips akhiqizwe ngesikhathi somshini ukuze kugwenywe umthelela wama-chip ekunembeni komshini.
Ukuze unikeze ukudlala okuphelele endimeni yokusika uketshezi, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingathathwa:
Khetha uketshezi olufanele lokusika bese ukhetha uhlobo olufanele kanye nokugxila koketshezi lokusika ngokusho kwempahla yomsebenzi okufanele icutshungulwe kanye nezidingo zokucubungula.
Shintsha uketshezi lokusika njalo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukusebenza koketshezi lokusika kuhlangabezana nezidingo.
Sebenzisa uketshezi lokusika ngendlela efanele ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukugeleza nokucindezela koketshezi olusikayo kuhlangabezana nezidingo.
Abasebenzisi abaningi bethuluzi lomshini abanamathiseli ukubaluleka okukhulu ekusikeni uketshezi futhi bacabanga ukuthi inqobo nje uma ithuluzi lingapholiswa. Nokho, indima yokusika uketshezi ingaphezu kwalokho. Ukusika uketshezi kudlala izindima ezibalulekile njengokupholisa, ukugcoba, nokususwa kwe-chip phakathi nenqubo yomshini futhi kunomthelela obalulekile ekunembeni komshini.
Okokuqala, ukusika uketshezi kunganciphisa izinga lokushisa lamathuluzi nezinto zokusebenza, kunciphise ukuguga kwamathuluzi, futhi kuthuthukise ukuphila kwamathuluzi. Ngasikhathi sinye, uketshezi olusikiwe lungaphinde lwehlise i-coefficient yokungqubuzana phakathi nenqubo yokwenza, kunciphise ukulahleka kwamandla ngesikhathi senqubo yokwenza, futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwemishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uketshezi lokusika lungaphinda lukhiphe ama-chips akhiqizwe ngesikhathi somshini ukuze kugwenywe umthelela wama-chip ekunembeni komshini.
Ukuze unikeze ukudlala okuphelele endimeni yokusika uketshezi, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingathathwa:
Khetha uketshezi olufanele lokusika bese ukhetha uhlobo olufanele kanye nokugxila koketshezi lokusika ngokusho kwempahla yomsebenzi okufanele icutshungulwe kanye nezidingo zokucubungula.
Shintsha uketshezi lokusika njalo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukusebenza koketshezi lokusika kuhlangabezana nezidingo.
Sebenzisa uketshezi lokusika ngendlela efanele ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukugeleza nokucindezela koketshezi olusikayo kuhlangabezana nezidingo.
Sengiphetha, kunezici eziningi ezithinta ukunemba kwemishini yezikhungo zomshini. Lapha, izici ezithile eziyinhloko kuphela ezifakwe ohlwini lwereferensi yakho. Uma empeleni kusetshenziswa izikhungo zemishini, umthelela wezinto ezihlukahlukene kufanele ucatshangelwe ngokugcwele futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezisebenzayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba komshini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukugcinwa kwezikhungo zemishini kufanele kuqiniswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kwezikhungo zomshini, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kwemishini kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kwezikhungo zomshini.
Ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokuthuthukisa ukunemba komshini kwezikhungo zomshini, izici ezilandelayo zingaqalwa:
Lungiselela ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula: Khetha ngokunengqondo amapharamitha okucubungula afana nesivinini sokusika, isilinganiso sokuphakelayo, nokujula kokusika ukuze unciphise amaphutha enqubweni yokucubungula. Ngasikhathi sinye, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokucutshungulwa okufana nokusika ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nomshini wokunemba nakho kungamukelwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kwemishini.
Thuthukisa izinga lekhono lama-opharetha: Izinga lekhono labaqhubi lithinta ngokuqondile ukunemba komshini kwezikhungo zokuwenza. Ngakho-ke, ukuqeqeshwa kwabaqhubi kufanele kuqiniswe ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lamakhono kanye nesipiliyoni sokusebenza kwabaqhubi.
Qinisa ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi: Phakathi nenqubo yokucubungula, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yezingxenye zokusebenza kufanele kuqiniswe, futhi izinkinga ezenzeka phakathi nenqubo yokucubungula kufanele zitholwe futhi zixazululwe ngesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokucubungula yama-workpieces.
Yamukela okokusebenza okutholwayo okuthuthukile: Imishini yokuhlonza ethuthukisiwe ingathola ngokunembile ukunemba komshini wezingcezu zokusebenza, ithole amaphutha enqubweni yokucubungula kusenesikhathi, futhi inikeze isisekelo sokulungisa amapharamitha okucubungula.
Kafushane, ukuthuthukisa ukunemba komshini kwezikhungo zomshini kudinga ukuqala ezicini eziningi, kucatshangelwe ngokuphelele umthelela wezinto ezahlukahlukene, kanye nokuthatha izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokuthuthukisa ukunemba komshini. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho izinzuzo zezikhungo zokunyathelisa zingenziwa ngokugcwele, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nezinga lokucubungula lithuthukiswe, futhi kube negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kokukhiqizwa kwesimanje.
Ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokuthuthukisa ukunemba komshini kwezikhungo zomshini, izici ezilandelayo zingaqalwa:
Lungiselela ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula: Khetha ngokunengqondo amapharamitha okucubungula afana nesivinini sokusika, isilinganiso sokuphakelayo, nokujula kokusika ukuze unciphise amaphutha enqubweni yokucubungula. Ngasikhathi sinye, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokucutshungulwa okufana nokusika ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nomshini wokunemba nakho kungamukelwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kwemishini.
Thuthukisa izinga lekhono lama-opharetha: Izinga lekhono labaqhubi lithinta ngokuqondile ukunemba komshini kwezikhungo zokuwenza. Ngakho-ke, ukuqeqeshwa kwabaqhubi kufanele kuqiniswe ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lamakhono kanye nesipiliyoni sokusebenza kwabaqhubi.
Qinisa ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi: Phakathi nenqubo yokucubungula, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yezingxenye zokusebenza kufanele kuqiniswe, futhi izinkinga ezenzeka phakathi nenqubo yokucubungula kufanele zitholwe futhi zixazululwe ngesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokucubungula yama-workpieces.
Yamukela okokusebenza okutholwayo okuthuthukile: Imishini yokuhlonza ethuthukisiwe ingathola ngokunembile ukunemba komshini wezingcezu zokusebenza, ithole amaphutha enqubweni yokucubungula kusenesikhathi, futhi inikeze isisekelo sokulungisa amapharamitha okucubungula.
Kafushane, ukuthuthukisa ukunemba komshini kwezikhungo zomshini kudinga ukuqala ezicini eziningi, kucatshangelwe ngokuphelele umthelela wezinto ezahlukahlukene, kanye nokuthatha izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokuthuthukisa ukunemba komshini. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho izinzuzo zezikhungo zokunyathelisa zingenziwa ngokugcwele, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nezinga lokucubungula lithuthukiswe, futhi kube negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kokukhiqizwa kwesimanje.