"Ukwenziwa ngcono kokulawula umsindo we-Spindle Gear Noise Treatment Method ye-CNC Machine Tool Spindle"
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwamathuluzi omshini we-CNC, inkinga yomsindo wegiya lokuphotha ngokuvamile ihlupha abaqhubi nabasebenzi abalungisayo. Ukuze wehlise ngempumelelo umsindo wegiya lokuphotha futhi uthuthukise ukunemba komshini nokuzinza kwethuluzi lomshini, sidinga ukukhulisa ngokujulile indlela yokulawula yomsindo wegiya lokuphotha.
I. Izimbangela zomsindo wegiya lokuphotha kumathuluzi omshini we-CNC
Ukukhiqizwa komsindo wegiya kuwumphumela wesenzo esihlanganisiwe sezici eziningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umthelela wephutha lephrofayili yezinyo kanye nephimbo kuzodala ukuwohloka okunwebekayo kwamazinyo egiya uma kulayishwa, okuholela ekushayisaneni okuphazima kweso kanye nomthelela lapho i-mesh yamagiya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaphutha enqubweni yokucubungula kanye nezimo ezimbi zokusebenza zesikhathi eside nazo zingabangela amaphutha ephrofayili yezinyo, okubuye kubangele umsindo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinguquko ebangeni elimaphakathi lamagiya ane-meshing zizodala izinguquko ku-engeli yokucindezela. Uma ibanga eliphakathi lishintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, umsindo uzokwanda ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kwamafutha okugcoba, njengokugcotshwa okunganele noma umsindo ophazamisayo owedlulele, nakho kuzoba nomthelela emsindweni.
Ukukhiqizwa komsindo wegiya kuwumphumela wesenzo esihlanganisiwe sezici eziningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umthelela wephutha lephrofayili yezinyo kanye nephimbo kuzodala ukuwohloka okunwebekayo kwamazinyo egiya uma kulayishwa, okuholela ekushayisaneni okuphazima kweso kanye nomthelela lapho i-mesh yamagiya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaphutha enqubweni yokucubungula kanye nezimo ezimbi zokusebenza zesikhathi eside nazo zingabangela amaphutha ephrofayili yezinyo, okubuye kubangele umsindo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinguquko ebangeni elimaphakathi lamagiya ane-meshing zizodala izinguquko ku-engeli yokucindezela. Uma ibanga eliphakathi lishintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, umsindo uzokwanda ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kwamafutha okugcoba, njengokugcotshwa okunganele noma umsindo ophazamisayo owedlulele, nakho kuzoba nomthelela emsindweni.
II. Izindlela eziqondile zokuthuthukisa isilawuli somsindo wegiya le-spindle
I-Topping chamfering
Isimiso nenjongo: I-Topping chamfering iwukulungisa ukugoba kwamazinyo nokunxephezela amaphutha egiya, ukunciphisa umthelela we-meshing obangelwa iziqongo zamazinyo ezi-concave kanye ne-convex lapho amagiya enezikhala, kanjalo nokunciphisa umsindo. Inani le-chamfering lincike ephutheni le-pitch, inani lokugoba lokugoba legiya ngemva kokulayisha, kanye nendawo egobayo.
Isu le-Chamfering: Okokuqala, yenza i-chamfering kulawo mapheya amagiya anemvamisa ephezulu ye-meshing kumathuluzi omshini angasebenzi kahle, bese usebenzisa amanani ahlukene okulinganisa ngokuya ngamamojula ahlukene (3, 4, kanye namamilimitha angu-5). Phakathi nenqubo yokugebenga, lawula ngokuqinile inani le-chamfering futhi unqume inani elifanele lokugezela ngokuhlolwa okuningi ukuze ugweme inani eliningi lokukhohlisa elilimaza iphrofayili yezinyo elisebenzayo noma inani elingenele le-chamfering elihlulekayo ukudlala indima yokukhohlisa. Lapho wenza iphrofayili yezinyo, ingaphezulu kwezinyo kuphela noma impande yamazinyo kuphela engalungiswa ngokuya ngesimo esithile segiya. Lapho umphumela wokulungisa kuphela isiqongo sezinyo noma impande yezinyo ingalungile, cabanga ukulungisa isiqongo sezinyo kanye nempande yezinyo ndawonye. Amanani we-radial kanye ne-axial yenani lokukhanga angabelwa igiya elilodwa noma amagiya amabili ngokuya ngesimo.
Lawula iphutha lephrofayela yezinyo
Ukuhlaziywa komthombo wephutha: Amaphutha ephrofayela yezinyo akhiqizwa kakhulu phakathi nenqubo yokucubungula, futhi okwesibili abangelwa izimo ezimbi zokusebenza zesikhathi eside. Amagiya anamaphrofayili amazinyo e-concave azobhekana nemithelela emibili ku-meshing eyodwa, okuholela kumsindo omkhulu, futhi uma iphrofayili yezinyo iba nkulu, umsindo uyanda.
Izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa: Hlela kabusha amazinyo egiya ukuze agweme ngokulingene ukuze unciphise umsindo. Ngokucutshungulwa okuhle nokulungiswa kwamagiya, nciphisa amaphutha ephrofayili yamazinyo ngangokunokwenzeka futhi uthuthukise ukunemba kanye nekhwalithi ye-meshing yamagiya.
Lawula ukushintshwa kwebanga elimaphakathi lamagiya ane-meshing
Indlela yokukhiqiza umsindo: Ushintsho lwebanga langempela eliphakathi nendawo lamagiya ane-meshing kuzoholela ekushintsheni kwe-engeli yokucindezela. Uma ibanga elimaphakathi lishintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, i-engeli yokucindezela nayo izoshintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, ngaleyo ndlela yenze umsindo ukhule ngezikhathi ezithile.
Indlela yokulawula: I-diameter yangaphandle yegiya, ukuguquguquka kwe-shaft yokudlulisela, kanye nokulingana phakathi kwe-transmission shaft, igiya kanye ne-bearing konke kufanele kulawulwe esimweni esifanele. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa nokulungisa iphutha, sebenzisa ngokuqinile ngokuhambisana nezidingo zokuklama ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ibanga elimaphakathi lamagiya anezikhala lihlala lizinzile. Ngokucutshungulwa okunembile nokuhlanganisa, zama ukuqeda umsindo obangelwa ukushintsha kwebanga eliphakathi le-meshing.
Lungiselela ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha okugcoba
Umsebenzi wamafutha okugcoba: Ngenkathi ugcoba futhi upholisa, uwoyela wokugcoba nawo udlala indima ethile yokudambisa. Umsindo uyancipha ngokwanda komthamo kawoyela kanye ne-viscosity. Ukugcina ugqinsi oluthile lwefilimu likawoyela endaweni yezinyo kungagwema ukuthintana okuqondile phakathi kwezindawo zezinyo eline-meshing, kwenze buthaka amandla okudlidliza futhi kunciphise umsindo.
Isu lokuthuthukisa: Ukukhetha uwoyela one-viscosity ephezulu kunenzuzo ekwehliseni umsindo, kodwa naka ukulawula umsindo wokuphazamiseka kawoyela obangelwa ukugcotshwa kwe-splash. Hlela kabusha ipayipi ngalinye likawoyela ukuze uwoyela wokugcoba uchaphaze kupheya ngalinye lamagiya ngendlela ekahle ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ulawule umsindo odaleka ngenxa yokungathambisa okunganele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwamukela indlela yokuhlinzeka uwoyela ohlangothini lwe-meshing akukwazi nje ukudlala indima yokupholisa kodwa futhi kwakha ifilimu kawoyela endaweni yezinyo ngaphambi kokungena endaweni ene-meshing. Uma uwoyela ochaphaziwe ungalawulwa ukuze ungene endaweni enezikhala ngenani elincane, umphumela wokunciphisa umsindo uzoba ngcono.
I-Topping chamfering
Isimiso nenjongo: I-Topping chamfering iwukulungisa ukugoba kwamazinyo nokunxephezela amaphutha egiya, ukunciphisa umthelela we-meshing obangelwa iziqongo zamazinyo ezi-concave kanye ne-convex lapho amagiya enezikhala, kanjalo nokunciphisa umsindo. Inani le-chamfering lincike ephutheni le-pitch, inani lokugoba lokugoba legiya ngemva kokulayisha, kanye nendawo egobayo.
Isu le-Chamfering: Okokuqala, yenza i-chamfering kulawo mapheya amagiya anemvamisa ephezulu ye-meshing kumathuluzi omshini angasebenzi kahle, bese usebenzisa amanani ahlukene okulinganisa ngokuya ngamamojula ahlukene (3, 4, kanye namamilimitha angu-5). Phakathi nenqubo yokugebenga, lawula ngokuqinile inani le-chamfering futhi unqume inani elifanele lokugezela ngokuhlolwa okuningi ukuze ugweme inani eliningi lokukhohlisa elilimaza iphrofayili yezinyo elisebenzayo noma inani elingenele le-chamfering elihlulekayo ukudlala indima yokukhohlisa. Lapho wenza iphrofayili yezinyo, ingaphezulu kwezinyo kuphela noma impande yamazinyo kuphela engalungiswa ngokuya ngesimo esithile segiya. Lapho umphumela wokulungisa kuphela isiqongo sezinyo noma impande yezinyo ingalungile, cabanga ukulungisa isiqongo sezinyo kanye nempande yezinyo ndawonye. Amanani we-radial kanye ne-axial yenani lokukhanga angabelwa igiya elilodwa noma amagiya amabili ngokuya ngesimo.
Lawula iphutha lephrofayela yezinyo
Ukuhlaziywa komthombo wephutha: Amaphutha ephrofayela yezinyo akhiqizwa kakhulu phakathi nenqubo yokucubungula, futhi okwesibili abangelwa izimo ezimbi zokusebenza zesikhathi eside. Amagiya anamaphrofayili amazinyo e-concave azobhekana nemithelela emibili ku-meshing eyodwa, okuholela kumsindo omkhulu, futhi uma iphrofayili yezinyo iba nkulu, umsindo uyanda.
Izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa: Hlela kabusha amazinyo egiya ukuze agweme ngokulingene ukuze unciphise umsindo. Ngokucutshungulwa okuhle nokulungiswa kwamagiya, nciphisa amaphutha ephrofayili yamazinyo ngangokunokwenzeka futhi uthuthukise ukunemba kanye nekhwalithi ye-meshing yamagiya.
Lawula ukushintshwa kwebanga elimaphakathi lamagiya ane-meshing
Indlela yokukhiqiza umsindo: Ushintsho lwebanga langempela eliphakathi nendawo lamagiya ane-meshing kuzoholela ekushintsheni kwe-engeli yokucindezela. Uma ibanga elimaphakathi lishintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, i-engeli yokucindezela nayo izoshintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, ngaleyo ndlela yenze umsindo ukhule ngezikhathi ezithile.
Indlela yokulawula: I-diameter yangaphandle yegiya, ukuguquguquka kwe-shaft yokudlulisela, kanye nokulingana phakathi kwe-transmission shaft, igiya kanye ne-bearing konke kufanele kulawulwe esimweni esifanele. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa nokulungisa iphutha, sebenzisa ngokuqinile ngokuhambisana nezidingo zokuklama ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ibanga elimaphakathi lamagiya anezikhala lihlala lizinzile. Ngokucutshungulwa okunembile nokuhlanganisa, zama ukuqeda umsindo obangelwa ukushintsha kwebanga eliphakathi le-meshing.
Lungiselela ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha okugcoba
Umsebenzi wamafutha okugcoba: Ngenkathi ugcoba futhi upholisa, uwoyela wokugcoba nawo udlala indima ethile yokudambisa. Umsindo uyancipha ngokwanda komthamo kawoyela kanye ne-viscosity. Ukugcina ugqinsi oluthile lwefilimu likawoyela endaweni yezinyo kungagwema ukuthintana okuqondile phakathi kwezindawo zezinyo eline-meshing, kwenze buthaka amandla okudlidliza futhi kunciphise umsindo.
Isu lokuthuthukisa: Ukukhetha uwoyela one-viscosity ephezulu kunenzuzo ekwehliseni umsindo, kodwa naka ukulawula umsindo wokuphazamiseka kawoyela obangelwa ukugcotshwa kwe-splash. Hlela kabusha ipayipi ngalinye likawoyela ukuze uwoyela wokugcoba uchaphaze kupheya ngalinye lamagiya ngendlela ekahle ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ulawule umsindo odaleka ngenxa yokungathambisa okunganele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwamukela indlela yokuhlinzeka uwoyela ohlangothini lwe-meshing akukwazi nje ukudlala indima yokupholisa kodwa futhi kwakha ifilimu kawoyela endaweni yezinyo ngaphambi kokungena endaweni ene-meshing. Uma uwoyela ochaphaziwe ungalawulwa ukuze ungene endaweni enezikhala ngenani elincane, umphumela wokunciphisa umsindo uzoba ngcono.
III. Izinyathelo zokuqapha zokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa
Ukulinganisa okunembile nokuhlaziya: Ngaphambi kokwenza i-tooth top chamfering, ukulawula amaphutha ephrofayili yezinyo nokulungisa ibanga eliphakathi lamagiya e-meshing, kuyadingeka ukukala ngokunembile futhi uhlaziye amagiya ukuze kutholwe isimo esithile kanye nezici ezinomthelela wamaphutha ukuze kwakhiwe izikimu ezihlosiwe zokusebenzisa kahle.
Ubuchwepheshe obuchwepheshile kanye nemishini: Ukuthuthukisa ukulawulwa komsindo wegiya lokuphotha kudinga ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe nemishini. Ama-opharetha kufanele abe nesipiliyoni esicebile nolwazi lomsebenzi futhi akwazi ukusebenzisa ngobuchule amathuluzi okulinganisa nemishini yokucubungula ukuze aqinisekise ukuqaliswa okunembile kwezinyathelo zokuthuthukisa.
Ukugcinwa okuvamile nokuhlolwa: Ukuze ugcine isimo esihle sokusebenza segiya lokuphotha futhi unciphise umsindo, kuyadingeka ukugcina nokuhlola ithuluzi lomshini njalo. Thola ngesikhathi futhi ubhekane nezinkinga ezifana nokuguga kwegiya kanye nokuguqulwa, futhi uqinisekise ukutholakala okwanele kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanele kwamafutha okugcoba.
Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kanye nokuqamba okusha: Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kanye nenqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe, kufanele siqhubeke sinaka izindlela ezintsha zokunciphisa umsindo nobuchwepheshe, ngokuqhubekayo sithuthukisa futhi sisungule izindlela zokulawula umsindo wegiya lokuphotha, futhi sithuthukise ukusebenza nekhwalithi yamathuluzi omshini.
Ukulinganisa okunembile nokuhlaziya: Ngaphambi kokwenza i-tooth top chamfering, ukulawula amaphutha ephrofayili yezinyo nokulungisa ibanga eliphakathi lamagiya e-meshing, kuyadingeka ukukala ngokunembile futhi uhlaziye amagiya ukuze kutholwe isimo esithile kanye nezici ezinomthelela wamaphutha ukuze kwakhiwe izikimu ezihlosiwe zokusebenzisa kahle.
Ubuchwepheshe obuchwepheshile kanye nemishini: Ukuthuthukisa ukulawulwa komsindo wegiya lokuphotha kudinga ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe nemishini. Ama-opharetha kufanele abe nesipiliyoni esicebile nolwazi lomsebenzi futhi akwazi ukusebenzisa ngobuchule amathuluzi okulinganisa nemishini yokucubungula ukuze aqinisekise ukuqaliswa okunembile kwezinyathelo zokuthuthukisa.
Ukugcinwa okuvamile nokuhlolwa: Ukuze ugcine isimo esihle sokusebenza segiya lokuphotha futhi unciphise umsindo, kuyadingeka ukugcina nokuhlola ithuluzi lomshini njalo. Thola ngesikhathi futhi ubhekane nezinkinga ezifana nokuguga kwegiya kanye nokuguqulwa, futhi uqinisekise ukutholakala okwanele kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanele kwamafutha okugcoba.
Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kanye nokuqamba okusha: Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kanye nenqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe, kufanele siqhubeke sinaka izindlela ezintsha zokunciphisa umsindo nobuchwepheshe, ngokuqhubekayo sithuthukisa futhi sisungule izindlela zokulawula umsindo wegiya lokuphotha, futhi sithuthukise ukusebenza nekhwalithi yamathuluzi omshini.
Sengiphetha, ngokusetshenziswa kahle kwendlela yokulawula umsindo yegiya lokuphotha lomshini we-CNC, umsindo wegiya lokuphotha ungancishiswa ngempumelelo futhi ukunemba komshini nokuzinza kwethuluzi lomshini kungathuthukiswa. Enqubweni yokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa, izici ezihlukahlukene zidinga ukucatshangelwa ngokugcwele futhi izindlela zesayensi neziphusile zidinga ukwamukelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufezeka kwemiphumela yokwenza kahle. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele siqhubeke sihlola futhi sisungule ukuze sinikeze ukwesekwa okusebenzayo okusebenzayo ekuthuthukisweni kwamathuluzi omshini we-CNC.