Izidingo zokunemba zezingxenye ezibalulekile zezikhungo zokumaka eziqondile eziqondile zinquma izinga lokunemba lokukhetha amathuluzi omshini we-CNC. Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC angahlukaniswa abe lula, ukusebenza ngokugcwele, ukunemba okuphezulu, njll. ngokusho kokusetshenziswa kwawo, nokunemba abangakufeza nakho kuhlukile. Uhlobo olulula okwamanje lusetshenziswa kwamanye amalathe nemishini yokugaya, enokulungiswa okuncane kokunyakaza okungu-0.01mm, futhi kokubili ukunemba kokunyakaza nokunemba komshini kungaphezulu (0.03-0.05) mm. Uhlobo olunembe kakhulu lusetshenziselwa ukucubungula okukhethekile, ngokunemba okungaphansi kuka-0.001mm. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kudingida amathuluzi omshini we-CNC asetshenziswa kabanzi asebenza ngokugcwele (ikakhulukazi izikhungo zomshini).
Izikhungo zokukhanda eziqondile zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezijwayelekile nezinembayo ngokusekelwe ekunembeni. Ngokuvamile, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC anezinto zokuhlola ukunemba okungu-20-30, kodwa izinto zazo ezihluke kakhulu yilezi: ukunemba kokuma kwe-eksisi eyodwa, ukunemba kokuma okuphindaphindiwe kwe-eksisi eyodwa, nokuzungeza kwezingcezu zokuhlola ezikhiqizwe izimbazo zomshini ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezixhumene.
Ukunemba kokuma kanye nokunemba kokuma okuphindaphindiwe kubonisa ngokugcwele ukunemba okuphelele kwengxenye ngayinye ehambayo ye-eksisi. Ikakhulukazi mayelana nokunemba kokuma okuphindaphindiwe, kubonisa ukuzinza kokuma kwe-eksisi kunoma iyiphi indawo yokuma ngaphakathi kwe-stroke yayo, okuyinkomba eyisisekelo yokulinganisa ukuthi i-eksisi ingasebenza ngokuzinza nangokuthembekile. Okwamanje, isofthiwe ezinhlelweni ze-CNC inemisebenzi ecebile yesinxephezelo samaphutha, enganxephezela ngokuzinzile amaphutha esistimu kusixhumanisi ngasinye sochungechunge lokudlulisa okuphakelayo. Isibonelo, izici ezifana nokucaciswa, ukuguqulwa kwe-elastic, nokuqina kokuxhumana kusixhumanisi ngasinye sochungechunge lokudlulisela kuvame ukukhombisa ukunyakaza okuhlukile okusheshayo ngosayizi womthwalo webhentshi lomsebenzi, ubude bebanga lokunyakaza, kanye nesivinini sokuma kokunyakaza. Kwamanye amasistimu e-servo e-open-loop kanye ne-semi-close-loop feed servo, izingxenye zokushayela ezilungiswayo ngemva kokulinganisa izingxenye zithintwa izici ezihlukahlukene zengozi futhi futhi ziba namaphutha abalulekile angahleliwe, njengokukhukhuleka kwendawo yokuma kwebhentshi lokusebenza okubangelwa ukunwebeka okushisayo kwesikulufu sebhola. Ngamafuphi, uma ungakhetha, bese ukhetha idivayisi enokunemba okuhle kakhulu okuphindaphindiwe kokuma!
Ukunemba kwesikhungo somshini esime mpo endaweni eyisilinda yokugaya noma imisele evunguzayo yendawo (imicu) ukuhlola okuphelele kwe-axis ye-CNC (ama-eksisi amabili noma amathathu) i-servo elandela izici zokunyakaza kanye nomsebenzi wokuhumusha wesistimu ye-CNC yethuluzi lomshini. Indlela yokwahlulela iwukukala ukujikeleza kwe-cylindrical surface ecutshungulwayo. Emathuluzini omshini we-CNC, kukhona futhi indlela yomshini wokugaya oblique enezinhlangothi ezine yokusika izingcezu zokuhlola, ezingaphinda zinqume ukunemba kwezimbazo ezimbili ezilawulekayo ekunyakazeni kokufakwa komugqa. Lapho wenza lokhu kusikwa kwesilingo, isigayo sokugcina esisetshenziselwa ukunemba kwemishini sifakwa endaweni yokuphotha yethuluzi lomshini, futhi isifanekiso esiyindilinga esibekwe ebhentshini lokusebenza siyagaywa. Ngamathuluzi omshini amancane naphakathi nendawo, isampula esiyindilinga ngokuvamile sithathwa ku-Ф 200~ Ф 300, bese sibeka isifanekiso esisikiwe kumhloli oyindilinga futhi sikala ukujikeleza kwendawo yaso eyenziwe ngomshini. Amaphethini okudlidliza asobala we-milling cutter endaweni eyicylindrical abonisa isivinini esingazinzile sokufaka phakathi kwethuluzi lomshini; Ukugaywa okuyindilinga kunephutha elibalulekile le-elliptical, elibonisa ukungafani enzuzweni yamasistimu eeksisi amabili alawulekayo wokunyakaza kokuhumusha; Lapho kukhona amamaki okumisa endaweni ngayinye elawulayo yokunyakaza kwe-eksisi endaweni eyindilinga (ekunyakazeni kokusika okuqhubekayo, ukumisa ukunyakaza kokuphakelayo endaweni ethile kuzokwakha ingxenye encane yezimpawu zokusika zensimbi endaweni yomshini), kukhombisa ukuthi ukucaciswa okuya phambili nokuhlehlayo kwe-eksisi akuzange kulungiswe kahle.
Ukunemba kokuma kwe-eksisi eyodwa kubhekisela kububanzi bephutha lapho umiswa noma nini phakathi kwe-axis stroke, engabonisa ngokuqondile amandla okusebenza ngokunemba kwethuluzi lomshini, okulenze libe inkomba yobuchwepheshe ebaluleke kakhulu yamathuluzi omshini we-CNC. Njengamanje, amazwe emhlabeni jikelele anemithethonqubo ehlukene, izincazelo, izindlela zokulinganisa, nokucutshungulwa kwedatha yale nkomba. Esethulweni sedatha yesampula yethuluzi lomshini we-CNC ehlukahlukene, izindinganiso ezivame ukusetshenziswa zihlanganisa i-American Standard (NAS) kanye namazinga anconyiwe e-American Machine Tool Manufacturers Association, i-German Standard (VDI), i-Japanese Standard (JIS), i-International Organization for Standardization (ISO), kanye ne-Chinese National Standard (GB). Izinga eliphansi kakhulu phakathi kwalawa mazinga lizinga laseJapane, njengoba indlela yalo yokulinganisa isekelwe kusethi eyodwa yedatha ezinzile, bese inani lephutha liminyaniswe ngohhafu ngenani elingu-±. Ngakho-ke, ukunemba kokuma kukalwa ngendlela yayo yokulinganisa kuvame ukuba ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kunalokho okukalwa ngamanye amazinga.
Nakuba kunomehluko ekucutshungulweni kwedatha phakathi kwamanye amazinga, wonke abonisa isidingo sokuhlaziya nokulinganisa ukunemba kokuma ngokwezibalo zamaphutha. Okusho ukuthi, ngephutha lephoyinti lokuma ku-stroke ye-eksisi elawulekayo yethuluzi lomshini we-CNC (isikhungo somshini esimile), kufanele sibonise iphutha lalelo phuzu elitholakala izikhathi eziyizinkulungwane ekusetshenzisweni kwesikhathi eside kwethuluzi lomshini esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa-ke, singakala kuphela inani elilinganiselwe lezikhathi (ngokuvamile izikhathi ezingu-5-7) phakathi nokulinganisa.
Ukunemba kwezikhungo zemishini eziqondile kunzima ukunquma, futhi ezinye zidinga umshini ngaphambi kokwahlulela, ngakho lesi sinyathelo sinzima kakhulu.