Hlaziya izinto ezintathu ezinkulu ezidinga ukulinganiswa kokunemba lapho uletha isikhungo somshini se-CNC.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinto Ezibalulekile Ekwamukelweni Okunembayo Kwezikhungo Zomshini ze-CNC

I. Isingeniso

II. Ukuhlola Ukunemba KweJiyomethri Kwezikhungo Zomshini ze-CNC

(I) Izinto Zokuhlola Nezincazelo

• Ukucaba Kwendawo Esebenzayo Esebenzayo: Njengereferensi yokubamba izingcezu zokusebenza, ukucaba kwendawo ekwazi ukusetshenzwa kuthinta ngokuqondile ukunemba kokufakwa kwezinto zokusebenza kanye nekhwalithi ye-planar ngemva kokucubungula. Uma ukucaba kudlula ukubekezelelana, izinkinga ezinjengogqinsi olungalingani kanye nokuwohloka kwengaphezulu kuzokwenzeka lapho kusetshenzwa amapulani okusebenza.
• I-Mutual Perpendicularity of Movements KuSikhombisi-ndlela Sokudidiyela Ngasinye: Ukuchezuka kwe-perpendicularity phakathi kwama-eksisi wokuxhumanisa u-X, Y, kanye no-Z kuzobangela 扭曲变形 esimweni sejometri yendawo yocezu lokusebenza olucutshunguliwe. Isibonelo, lapho kugaywa i-cuboid workpiece, imiphetho yasekuqaleni eyi-perpendicular izoba nokuchezuka kwe-angular, okuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza komhlangano we-workpiece.
• Ukufana Kwendawo Yokusebenza Okusetshenzelwanga Ngesikhathi Sokunyakaza Eziqondisweni Zokuxhumanisa u-X kanye no-Y: Lokhu kufana kuqinisekisa ukuthi ubudlelwano bendawo ehlobene phakathi kwethuluzi lokusika nendawo engasetshenzwa buhlala bunjalo lapho ithuluzi lihamba endizeni engu-X no-Y. Uma kungenjalo, ngesikhathi sokugaya okuhleliwe, izibonelelo zemishini ezingalingani zizokwenzeka, okuholela ekwehleni kwekhwalithi engaphezulu kanye nokuguga ngokweqile kwethuluzi lokusika.
• Ukufana Kohlangothi Lwe-T-slot ku-Worktable Surface ngesikhathi Sokunyakaza ku-X Coordinate Direction: Emisebenzini yomshini edinga ukumiswa kwe-fixture usebenzisa i-T-slot, ukunemba kwalokhu kufana kuhlobene nokunemba kokufakwa kwesakhiwo, okubuye kuthinte ukunemba kokuma kanye nokunemba komshini wocezu lokusebenza.
• I-Axial Runout ye-Spindle: Ukuphuma kwe-axial kwe-spindle kuzodala ukugudluka okuncane kwethuluzi lokusika endaweni ye-axial. Ngesikhathi sokumba, izinqubo eziyisicefe kanye nezinye zemishini, kuzoholela emaphutheni kusayizi wembobo yobubanzi, ukuwohloka kwe-cylindricity yembobo, kanye nokwanda kokuqina kwendawo.
• I-Radial Runout ye-Spindle Bore: Ithinta ukunemba kokubamba kwethuluzi lokusika, okubangela ukuthi indawo ye-radial yethuluzi ingazinzi ngesikhathi sokuzungezisa. Uma kugaywa indilinga yangaphandle noma izimbobo ezibhokayo, kuzokhulisa iphutha le-contour shape yengxenye emshinini, okwenza kube nzima ukuqinisekisa ukujikeleza kanye ne-cylindricity.
• Ukufana Kwe-Spindle Axis lapho Ibhokisi Lokuphotha Lihamba Ngokulandela Isiqondisindlela Se-Z Coordinate: Le nkomba yokunemba ibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana kwendawo ehlobene phakathi kwethuluzi lokusika kanye nocezu lokusebenza lapho kwenziwa imishini ezindaweni ezihlukene ze-axis Z. Uma ukufana kungalungile, ukujula komshini okungalingani kuzokwenzeka ngesikhathi sokugaya okujulile noma okuyisicefe.
• I-Perpendicularity ye-Spindle Rotation Axis to Worktable Surface: Ezikhungweni zokumaka eziqondile, le perpendicularity inquma ngokuqondile ukunemba kokusebenza kwezindawo eziqondile kanye nezindawo ezithambekele. Uma kukhona ukuchezuka, izinkinga ezifana nezindawo eziqondile ezingena-perpendicular kanye nama-engeli angaphezulu athambekele anganembile azokwenzeka.
• Ukuqondisa Kokuhamba Kwebhokisi Lokuphotha ku-Z Coordinate Direction: Iphutha lokuqondisa lizokwenza ukuthi ithuluzi lokusika liphambuke endleleni eqondile eqondile ngesikhathi sokunyakaza ku-axis ye-Z. Lapho kwenziwa izimbobo ezijulile noma izindawo ezinezinyathelo eziningi, kuzodala amaphutha e-coaxiality phakathi kwezinyathelo namaphutha okuqondisa emigodini.

(II) Amathuluzi Okuhlola Asetshenziswa Kaningi

(III) Izinyathelo Zokuhlola

III. Ukuhlola Ukubeka Ngokunemba Kwezikhungo Zomshini ze-CNC

(I) Incazelo kanye Nezici Ezithonya Zokunemba Kwesikhundla

(II) Okuqukethwe Kokuhlola

• Ukunemba Kokumisa Nokunemba Kokumisa Okuphindaphindayo kwe-eksisi Yokunyakaza Yomugqa Ngayinye: Ukunemba kokuma kubonisa ububanzi bokuchezuka phakathi kwendawo eyaliwe kanye nesimo sangempela esifinyelelwe se-eksisi yokuxhumanisa, kuyilapho ukunemba kokuma okuphindaphindayo kubonisa izinga lokuhlakazwa kwendawo lapho i-eksisi yokuxhumanisa ihamba ngokuphindaphindiwe endaweni efanayo eyaliwe. Isibonelo, lapho wenza i-contour milling, ukunemba kokuma okungalungile kuzodala ukuchezuka phakathi komumo wekhontolo ewumshini kanye nekhontayutha eklanyelwe, futhi ukunemba okuphindaphindayo kokuma okuphindaphindayo kuzoholela ekulandeleleni komshini okungahambisani lapho kucutshungulwa ikhokhoni efanayo izikhathi eziningi, kuthinte ikhwalithi yendawo kanye nokunemba kobukhulu.
• Ukunemba Kokubuyisela Kwe-Mechanical Origin ye-Linear Motion Axis Ngayinye: Umsuka wokusebenza indawo eyireferensi ye-eksisi yokuxhumanisa, futhi ukunemba kwayo kokubuyisela kuthinta ngokuqondile ukunemba kwendawo yokuqala ye-eksisi yokuxhumanisa ngemva kokuba ithuluzi lomshini livuliwe noma umsebenzi wokubuyisela iqanda sewenziwe. Uma ukunemba kwembuyiselo kungephezulu, kungase kuholele ekuphambukeni phakathi komsuka wesistimu yokuxhumanisa isiqeshana sokusebenza emishinini elandelayo kanye nomsuka oklanyiwe, okuholela kumaphutha endawo ehlelekile kuyo yonke inqubo yokwenza imishini.
• Ukuhlehla kwe-Linear Motion Axis Ngayinye: Lapho i-eksisi yokuxhumanisa ishintsha phakathi kokunyakaza okuya phambili nokuhlehlayo, ngenxa yezici ezifana nokucaciswa phakathi kwezingxenye zomshini wokudlulisa kanye nezinguquko zokungqubuzana, ukuhlehla kuzokwenzeka. Emisebenzini yokwenza imishini ehamba njalo eya phambili nokuhlehlayo, njengezintambo zokugaya noma ukwenza imishini yekhonta, i-backlash izodala amaphutha "anjengesinyathelo" kumzila womshini, okuthinta ukunemba komshini kanye nekhwalithi yendawo.
• Ukunemba Kokubeka Nokunemba Kwendawo Okuphindaphindayo kwe-Axis Motion Ngayinye (Ithebula Lokusebenza Elijikelezayo): Ezikhungweni zomshini ezinamathebula okusebenza ajikelezayo, ukunemba kokuma kanye nokunemba kokuma okuphindaphindayo kwama-axis anyakazayo kubalulekile ekwenzeni ama-workpieces anenkomba eyindilinga noma ukucubungula kweziteshi eziningi. Isibonelo, lapho ucubungula ama-workpieces anezici zokusabalalisa eziyindilinga eziyinkimbinkimbi njengama-turbine blades, ukunemba kwe-axis ejikelezayo kunquma ngokuqondile ukunemba kwe-angular nokufana kokusabalalisa phakathi kwama-blades.
• Ukunemba Kokubuyisela Komsuka We-axis Yokunyakaza Ngayinye: Ngokufana ne-eksisi yokunyakaza yomugqa, ukunemba kokubuyisela kwemvelaphi ye-axis ejikelezayo enyakazayo kuthinta ukunemba kwendawo yayo yokuqala eyi-angular ngemva kokusebenza kokubuyisela uziro, futhi kuyisisekelo esibalulekile sokuqinisekisa ukunemba kokucubungula kweziteshi eziningi noma ukucubungula inkomba eyindilinga.
• Ukuhlehla kwe-axis ye-Rotary Motion ngayinye: Ukuhlehla okudalekayo lapho i-axis ejikelezayo ishintsha phakathi kokuzungezisa ukuya phambili nokuhlehlayo kuzodala ukuchezuka kwe-angular lapho kwenziwa amakhonco ayindilinga noma kwenziwa inkomba ye-angular, kuthinte ukunemba komumo nokunemba kwendawo yocezu lokusebenza.

(III) Izindlela Zokuhlola Nezisetshenziswa

IV. Ukusika Ukunemba Ukuhlolwa Kwezikhungo Zomshini ze-CNC

(I) Ubunjalo Nokubaluleka Kokusika Ukunemba

(II) Ukuhlelwa Kokuhlolwa Nokuqukethwe

• Ukuhlola Ukunemba Kwemishini Eyodwa
  • Ukunemba Okuyisicefe - Ukujikeleza, I-Cylindricity: Ukubhoka kuyinqubo evamile yokwenza imishini ezikhungweni zemishini. Ukuyindilinga kanye ne-cylindricity yembobo ebhoshiwe kubonisa ngokuqondile izinga lokunemba lethuluzi lomshini lapho ukunyakaza okujikelezayo nomugqa kusebenza ndawonye. Amaphutha okujikeleza azoholela kumasayizi wembobo angalingani, futhi amaphutha e-cylindricity azobangela ukuthi i-eksisi yembobo igobe, okuthinta ukunemba okulingana nezinye izingxenye.
  • I-Flatness kanye Nomehluko Wesinyathelo se-Planar Milling nge-End Mills: Uma ugaya indiza enomshini wokuphela, ukucaba kubonisa ukufana phakathi kwendawo esebenza kahle kanye nendiza yokunyakaza kwamathuluzi kanye nokugqokwa komfaniswano konqenqema lokusika lwethuluzi, kuyilapho umehluko wesinyathelo ubonisa ukuvumelana kokujula kokusika kwethuluzi ezindaweni ezihlukene phakathi nenqubo yokugaya ipulani. Uma kunomehluko wesinyathelo, kukhombisa ukuthi kunezinkinga ngokufana kokunyakaza kwethuluzi lomshini endizeni engu-X no-Y.
  • I-Perpendicularity and Parallelism of Side Milling with End Mills: Lapho ugaywa indawo eseceleni, i-perpendicularity kanye nokufana ngokulandelana kuhlola i-perpendicularity phakathi kwe-eksisi yokujikeleza okuphothayo kanye ne-eksisi yokuxhumanisa kanye nobudlelwano bokuhambisana phakathi kwethuluzi nendawo yereferensi lapho kusikwa endaweni eseceleni, okubaluleke kakhulu kokuma okuseceleni kokuqinisekisa ukunemba kokunemba kwendawo yokusebenza.
• Ukuhlolwa Okunembayo Kokwenza Ucezu Olujwayelekile Lokuhlola Oluphelele
  • Okuqukethwe Kokuhlola Ukunemba Kwezikhungo Zomashini Ezivundlile
    • Ukunemba Kwesikhala Somgodi Wembobo — ku-X-axis Direction, Y-axis Direction, Diagonal Direction, kanye Nokuchezuka Kobubanzi beHole: Ukunemba kwesikhala sembobo kuhlola ngokujulile ukunemba kokuma kwethuluzi lomshini endizeni engu-X kanye no-Y kanye nekhono lokulawula ukunemba kobukhulu ezindaweni ezihlukene. Ukuchezuka kobubanzi bembobo kukhombisa ngokuqhubekayo ukuzinza kwenqubo eyisicefe.
    • Ukuqondisa, Ukufana, Umehluko Wokuqina, kanye Ne-Perpendicularity Yokugaya Indawo Ezungezile Ngama-End Mills: Ngokugaya izindawo ezizungezile ngezigayo zokugcina, ubudlelwano bokunemba bendawo bethuluzi obuhlobene nezindawo ezihlukene zocezu lokusebenza bungatholwa ngesikhathi somshini wokuxhumanisa ama-eksisi amaningi. Ukuqondile, ukufana, kanye ne-perpendicularity ngokulandelanayo kuhlola ukunemba komumo wejometri phakathi kwezindawo, futhi umehluko wokujiya ubonisa ukunemba kokulawula ukujula kwethuluzi ekuqondeni kwe-eksisi engu-Z.
    • UkuQopha, Ukufana, kanye Ne-Perpendicularity Kwemigqa Ema-axis Amabili Okuxhumanisa Imigqa Eqondile: Ukugaya okuxhumanisa ama-eksisi amabili kwemigqa eqondile kuwumsebenzi oyisisekelo wokwenza ikhonsathi. Lokhu kuhlola okunembayo kungahlola ukunemba kwe-trajectory yethuluzi lomshini lapho izimbazo ezingu-X kanye no-Y zihamba ngokuhambisana, okudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukunemba kwezinto zokusebenza zomshini ezinomumo ohlukahlukene wekhonta eqondile.
    • I-Roundness of Arc Milling With End Mills: Ukunemba kokugaya i-arc ikakhulukazi kuhlola ukunemba kwethuluzi lomshini phakathi nomnyakazo we-arc interpolation. Amaphutha okujikeleza azothinta ukunemba komumo wezinto zokusebenza ezinama-arc contours, njengezindlu ezinamasondo namagiya.

(III) Imibandela Nezimfuneko Zokuhlola Ukunemba Kokusika

V. Isiphetho